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1、應(yīng)用與環(huán)境生物學(xué)報(bào)2010,16(3):305~3082010-06-25ChinJApplEnvironBiol=ISSN1006-687XDOI:10.3724/SP.J.1145.2010.00305根系冗余對(duì)小麥籽粒產(chǎn)量和水分利用效率的影響*馬守臣1,2徐炳成2王和洲3楊慎驕3李鳳民2,4**1(河南理工大學(xué)測(cè)繪與國土信息工程學(xué)院焦作454000)2(中國科學(xué)院水利部水土保持研究所,黃土高原土壤侵蝕與旱地農(nóng)業(yè)國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室楊凌712100)3(中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院農(nóng)田灌溉研究所新鄉(xiāng)453003)4(蘭州大學(xué)干旱與草地生態(tài)教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室蘭州730000)
2、摘要采用盆栽試驗(yàn),在返青–抽穗期用不同的水分處理來影響冬小麥(Triticumaestivum)的根系,研究根系大小對(duì)籽粒產(chǎn)量和水分利用效率的影響.結(jié)果顯示,到抽穗期,大根系處理小麥的根冠比顯著大于小根系處理.兩種水分條件下大根系處理小麥花期時(shí)的光合速率和根呼吸速率均顯著高于小根系處理小麥,而花后干物質(zhì)積累顯著小于小根系處理小麥.在成熟期,兩種水分條件下小根系處理小麥的籽粒產(chǎn)量均顯著大于大根系處理小麥.而且,小根系處理還提高了小麥的水分利用效率,濕潤、中度干旱條件下小根系處理小麥的水分利用效率分別比大根系處理小麥高33.91%和15.82%.因此,認(rèn)為在干
3、旱、半干旱區(qū)以群體產(chǎn)量為目標(biāo)的小麥抗旱育種不應(yīng)當(dāng)選擇根冠比大的品種.圖1表4參20關(guān)鍵詞冬小麥;根呼吸;根系冗余;水分利用效率;小麥抗旱育種CLCS152.75:S512.101EffectofRootRedundancyonGrainYieldandWaterUseEfficiency*ofWinterWheatMAShouchen1,2,XUBingcheng2,WANGHezhou3,YANGShenjiao3&LIFengmin2,4**(1SchoolofSurveyingandLandInformationEngineering,HenanPo
4、lytechnicUniversity,Jiaozuo454000,Henan,China)(2StateKeyLaboratoryofSoilErosionandDrylandFarmingontheLoessPlateau,InstituteofSoilandWaterConservation,ChineseAcademyofSciencesandMinistryofWaterResources,Yangling,712100,Shaanxi,China)(3FarmlandIrrigationResearchInstitute,ChineseAcad
5、emyofAgriculturalSciences,Xinxiang453003,Henan,China)(4KeyLaboratoryofAridandGrasslandEcologyofMinistryofEducationofChina,LanzhouUniversity,Lanzhou730000,China)AbstractAA?o??exex?e?imen??????a??concon?uc??e???oclauc??e???ocla?i?????hee??hee??ec??oo???oo??????????em??ize????????em?
6、?ize(be???een?e??u?ningg?een????agean?headingstage)ongrainyieldandwateruseefficiency????????)ofwinterwheat)ofwinterwheato??in??e??hea??(?(Triticumaestivum).The?e??ul??????ho?e???ha????he?oo????o??hoo???a??io(R/S)o?la?ge?oo??????????em???ea??men??weresignificantlybiggerthanthatofsm
7、allrootsystemtreatmentatheadingstage.Atfloweringstage,largerootsystemtreatmenthadhigherphotosynthesisandrootrespirationrate,butloweraccumulationofdrymatterafterfloweringcomparedwithsmallrootsystem.Atmaturity,smallrootsystemtreatmenthadsignificantlyhighergrainyieldcomparedwithlarge
8、rootsystemtreatment.Inaddition,sm