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1、華中科技大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文嵌入式系統(tǒng)中網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口模塊的研究與開發(fā)姓名:付雯瀟申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別:碩士專業(yè):通信與信息系統(tǒng)指導(dǎo)教師:何建華20060508摘要近年來,各種嵌入式系統(tǒng)蓬勃發(fā)展,在通信,航空航天,醫(yī)療,消費(fèi)類電子產(chǎn)品等領(lǐng)域得到廣泛的應(yīng)用;而世界已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了Internet時(shí)代,大量的嵌入式系統(tǒng)需要接口接入互聯(lián)網(wǎng)進(jìn)行通信互連,網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口模塊已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)代嵌入式設(shè)備不可缺少的重要組成部分。所謂嵌入式設(shè)備的網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口,是指把相關(guān)網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù),包括精簡(jiǎn)后的硬件,固件,協(xié)議棧和應(yīng)用程序形成模塊直接擴(kuò)展到嵌入式系統(tǒng),使之具有與Internet/Intranet直接聯(lián)網(wǎng)的能力。由于嵌入式系統(tǒng)必須高
2、效率地設(shè)計(jì),如何在較少的軟硬件資源中實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)甚至多個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口,并且滿足嵌入式網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)實(shí)時(shí)性,可靠性,兼容性,通信效率,介質(zhì)支持,實(shí)現(xiàn)難度和開放性的要求是一個(gè)很有意義的研究課題。而目前在嵌入式網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口模塊的實(shí)現(xiàn)過程中,還存在供電困難,模塊間切換復(fù)雜,同時(shí)通話與上網(wǎng)不兼容,網(wǎng)絡(luò)質(zhì)量低等問題有待研究和解決。本文結(jié)合在多個(gè)課題中的開發(fā)調(diào)試經(jīng)驗(yàn),比較了GPRS(通用分組無線服務(wù))接入技術(shù),CDMA(碼分多址)接入技術(shù)和嵌入式以太網(wǎng)接口的應(yīng)用特點(diǎn),并研究了在Linux操作系統(tǒng)下的詳細(xì)解決方案。具體包括:基于MC35I模塊的GPRS撥號(hào)上網(wǎng)接口和基于Q2358C模塊的CDMA1X撥號(hào)上網(wǎng)
3、接口的實(shí)現(xiàn);基于PCMCIA/CF標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的以太網(wǎng)通信接口的實(shí)現(xiàn)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)整體軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,分析了理論和實(shí)際中存在的問題,并給出具有通用性的解決方案,其結(jié)果可適用于各種有網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口需求的嵌入式系統(tǒng)中。關(guān)鍵詞:嵌入式系統(tǒng);互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接口;通用分組無線服務(wù);碼分多址技術(shù);個(gè)人電腦存儲(chǔ)卡國際協(xié)會(huì);Linux--IAbstractInrecentyears,allsortsofembeddedsystemsarewidelyusedintheareasofcommunication,aviation,mechanical,consumptionandotherfields.Wi
4、ththerapiddevelopmentofnetworktechnology,embeddedsystemsrequireinterfacestoconnectthemthroughInternet,sothenetworkinterfaceisbecominganecessarymoduleofthemodernembeddedsystems.Thenetworkinterfaceinembeddedsystemmeansextendingrelatednetworktechnologies,includingstreamlinedhardware,firmware
5、,andapplicationsoftwaretoanembeddedsystemdirectly,sothatithasdirectlyconnectingcapabilitieswithInternet/Intranet.Asanembeddedsystemmustbedesignedefficiently,itisaverypromisingfieldtonotonlydesignsingleormassnetworkinterface(s)inlimitedhardwareandsoftwareresources,butalsoachievewithsmalles
6、tsize,real-time,lowinpowerconsumptionandportingabilities.Moreover,severalissuesstillexistunsolvedintherealizationofembeddednetworkinterfacemodulescurrently,suchaspowersupplydifficulties,moduleswitchingdifficulties,compatibilitybetweenphone-callingandinternet,andpoornetworkservicequality,e
7、tc.Thispaperdoesresearchesbasedonseveralrelatedprojectdevelopments,comparesthefactorsofGPRS(GeneralPacketRadioService),CDMA(Code-DivisionMultipleAccess)1XandembeddedEthernetwithactualrequirements,andadetailedstudyofsolutionsunderLinuxisgiven.Specificallyincluding:GP