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1、CHAPTER4TheComponentsoftheSystemUnitExpansionSlotsandAdapterCards000-209IntrotoCS.5/Mother2Thesystemclocksendsout'ticks'tocontrolthetimingofallthemotherboardtaskse.g.itcontrolsthespeedofthedatabusandtheinstructioncycleThetimeittakestocompleteaninstructioncycleismeasuredinmeg
2、ahertz(MHz).1MHz=onemillioncyclespersecondTheSystemClock000-209IntrotoCS.5/Mother3Wordsize:thenumberofbytestheCPUcanprocessatonce.dependsonthenumberofregistersintheCPU;dependsonthesizeofthedatabusCachesize:thecacheishigh-speedmemoryontheCPUthatstoresdatawhichisneededoften.Tw
3、oMeasuresofCPUSize000-209IntrotoCS.5/Mother4Theexpansionbustransportsdatathroughthemotherboard.Mostexpansioncardscontainaport.Aconnectorcableplugsintotheport,andleadstoaperipheral.7.ExpansionSlotsData originatesinRAMExpansionslotcontaininganexpansioncard.continued5Commonexpa
4、nsioncards:graphicscard(forconnectingtoamonitor)networkcard(fortransmittingdataoveranetwork)soundcard(forconnectingtoamicrophoneandspeakers)MostPCsoffer4-8expansionslots.000-209IntrotoCS.5/Mother6Thereareseveraldifferenttypesofexpansionslot:ISA:oldertechnology,formodemsandsl
5、owdevicesPCI:forgraphics,sound,video,modemornetworkcardsAGP:forgraphicscardsExpansionSlotTypes000-209IntrotoCS.5/Mother7ConnectorCablescontinued000-209IntrotoCS.5/Mother8AMDProcessorsAMD(AdvancedMicroDevices,Inc.)–ProducesamicroprocessorsimilartotheIntelprocessors.Super7Sock
6、et–RedesignedSocket7thatallowsforhigherbusspeeds(66to95or100MHz).Super7motherboardsallowhigherCPUspeeds,supportforAGPandUltraDMAharddrives,andhaveadvancedpowermanagementfeatures.SocketA–462-pinPGAsocketfortheAMDAthlonandDuronCPUs.SlotA–UsedbyearlyAMDAthlonprocessorssimilarto
7、IntelPentiumIII,buttheyarenotinterchangeable.AMDProcessorsAMD’sSocketAAMDProcessorsAMDProcessorsAMDCPUSocketsandSlotsMMX,SSE,and3DNOW!MMX–AmicroprocessortechnologyfromIntelthatadds57instructionstoanIntelprocessortohelpwithmultimediaandcommunicationssoftware.SSE(StreamingSIMD
8、Extensions)–Intel’sprocessortechnologythatspeedsup3-Dapplicationsbyallowing
