銀行監(jiān)管與銀行不良貸款:一種跨國家分析【外文翻譯】

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1、外文翻譯Bankingsupervisionandnonperformingloans:across-countryanalysisMaterialSource:JournalofFinancialEconomicPolicyVOl.1No.4,2009.Author:Abd-el-KaderBourikas,NeilBouillonTacticandSanaJealouslyDEFI,UniversityofTunis,Montclair,TunisiaIntroductionAfterarelativelycalmdec

2、ade,theinternationalbankingindustrysufferedduringthelastthreeyearsanunprecedentedmeltdown.Severalbanksthroughouttheworld,includingindevelopedanddevelopingcountries,experiencedseverelossesontheircreditportfoliosleadingtobanksfailuresandtoaglobalfearofasystemiccrisis

3、.Thiscrisisraisedfurtherconcernsaboutfinancialsystemsstabilityandtheneedforaclosercontrolandsupervisiononlendingactivitiesandinstitutions.Inparticular, internationalregulators(IMF, WorldBank,andtheBIS)engaged,overthelastdecade,severalreforms,andprogramsaimingtostre

4、ngthenbankingandfinancialsystemsin differentcountries.Variousassessmentsareperiodicallymadetotimelypredictany undesirableexposure.Specifically,theaggregaterateofnonperformingloans(NPLs)iscommonlyusedasasoundnessindicator.Bankindustryfactors,supervisionandNPLs:liter

5、aturereviewandhypothesisdevelopmentTheempiricalliteratureonNPLsexplainsbanksproblemloansusingbankspecificorinternalvariables.Thesebank-specificfactorsarerelatedtobankmanagementandfirm-levelfeatureswhichincludeproxiesofbankcapitalization,provisioningpolicy,profitabi

6、lity,ownershipstatus,andindustryconcentration.Bankcapitalization.Theoretically,thecapitaladequacyratio(CAR)mightserveasatooltocontrolexcessiverisktakingbybanksandtopreventthemfrombeinginsolventthroughrecapitalization(Baselaccord).BankswithCARlessthantheregulatorymi

7、nimumareforcedtoadjusttheirbalancesheettocomplywiththererequirementseitherbyraisingmorecapital(holdingassetsconstant)orreducingrisk-weightedassets(holdingcapitalconstant).Infact,raisingthelevelofcapitalrelativetoriskyassetsbyeithermeanscouldhaveabeneficialimpactont

8、hebankperformanceandsoundness(Friesetal.,2002).Indeed,KoehnandSantomero(1980)showtheoreticallythattheportfolioriskincreaseswiththeincreaseofthemi

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