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1、廣東農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)2014年第9期1水稻苗期鉀高效種質(zhì)資源的篩選與評(píng)價(jià)張寧,郭榮發(fā)(廣東海洋大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院,廣東湛江524088)摘要:通過(guò)設(shè)置低鉀(5mg/L)脅迫和正常供鉀(40rag/L)2個(gè)處理水平的苗期水培試驗(yàn),采用相對(duì)耐低鉀指數(shù)為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)、方差分析及主成分分析的方法,對(duì)18個(gè)不同水稻品種進(jìn)行鉀高效種質(zhì)資源的篩選與評(píng)價(jià)。方差分析表明:16個(gè)鉀效率的相關(guān)性狀在18個(gè)水稻基因型間的差異均達(dá)到顯著或極顯著水平。主成分分析表明,前5個(gè)主成分累計(jì)貢獻(xiàn)率達(dá)到90.972%,已包含了大部分的信息,能夠基本反映整體狀況。其中相對(duì)植株干重、相對(duì)莖葉干重、相對(duì)根
2、部干重、相對(duì)根冠比、相對(duì)莖葉吸鉀量、相對(duì)植株吸鉀量在5個(gè)主成分中的比重較大,可以作為水稻苗期鉀高效種質(zhì)資源篩選的指標(biāo)。綜合評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果表明:湛?jī)?yōu)2009得分最高、為2.2753分,特優(yōu)524次之、為2.2545分,均為最耐低鉀水稻品種;黃豐占、黃華占、博優(yōu)晚三、Ⅱ優(yōu)3550等6個(gè)品種為中等耐低鉀水稻品種;博優(yōu)043得分最低、為一1.8583分,為低鉀敏感型水稻品種。關(guān)鍵詞:水稻;耐低鉀;種質(zhì)資源;苗期;水培中圖分類號(hào):S511.032文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):1004—874X(2014)09—0001—04S一creeni‘n~and1eVa■I
3、UaUJ●0nof一ri●cegermp’lasmresourceswithhighpotassiumeficiencyatseedlingstageZHANGNing,GUORong-fa(AgricultttrolCollege,GuangdongOceanUniversity,Zhanjiang524088,China)Abstract:Tighteendifferentricevarietieswerescreenedandevaluatedforlowpotassiumstress(5mg/L)andnormal(40mg/L)in
4、hydroponiccultm’eatseedlingstagebyadoptingrelativelylowpotassiumtoleranceindexandvarianceandprincipalcomponentanalysismethod.Varianceanalysisshowedthattherewassignificantorverysignificantdifferencesin16potassiumeficiencyrelatedtraitsamong18ricegenotypes.Principalcomponentan
5、alysisshowedthattheaccumulationcontributionrateforfirstfiveprincipalcomponentsreached90.972%,whichimpliedthattheycontainedmostoftheinformationtoreflectthealltraitresource.Theproportionsofrelativeplantdryweight,shootdryweight,rootdryweight,root/shootratio,shootpotassiumuptak
6、eandplantpotassiumuptakeinthefiveprincipalcomponentswerehigher,SOtheycouldbeusedasscreeningindexofricepotassiumeficiencygermplasmresourcesscreeningatseedlingstage.Thecomprehensiveevaluationresultsshowedthatthehighestscore(2.2753)was“Zhanyou2009”andthesecondwas“Teyou524”f2.2
7、545),bothwerethebestpotassiumtolerancericevarieties;Huangfengzhan,Huanghuazhan,Boyouwan3,Ⅱyou3550etc.weremediumpotassiumtolerancevarieties;theleastscore(-1.8583)was“Boyou043”,itwaslowpotassiumsensitivevarieties.Keywords:rice;lowpotassiumtolerance;germplasmresources;seedling
8、stage;hydroponicculture鉀是植物生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育所必需的營(yíng)養(yǎng)元素之一,在植高作物的產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)具有重要的作用,因此有品質(zhì)元物體內(nèi)的含量(KO)約占干物重