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1、生態(tài)學(xué)雜志ChineseJournalofEcology2014,33(1):59—64豫北鹽堿地引種紅麻雜交種試驗(yàn)初報(bào)水張新董娜劉明久潘茲亮一(河南科技學(xué)院生命科技學(xué)院,河南新鄉(xiāng)453003;河南省信陽(yáng)市農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院,河南信陽(yáng)464000)摘要為了篩選適合豫北鹽堿地種植的高產(chǎn)紅麻雜交組合,本研究以H318為對(duì)照,比較了栽培在鹽堿土壤上的6對(duì)紅麻雜交組合F代和F代的11個(gè)性狀,分析了各個(gè)材料各個(gè)性狀的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì),F(xiàn)代和F代性狀的平均競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)、顯著性、相關(guān)性以及F:代性狀相對(duì)于F代的衰退率。結(jié)果表明:
2、因組合不同,F(xiàn)代與Fz代各個(gè)性狀的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)差異較大,F(xiàn):代顯著衰退,但少數(shù)組合F:代仍具有一定利用價(jià)值;F代與F代間皮厚、鮮皮曬干率和鮮莖出麻率3個(gè)性狀上存在極顯著正相關(guān);若以收獲紅麻全桿為目的,則F代以組合F3A/992、F代以組合F3A/R7為最佳;若以收獲紅麻纖維為目的,則F代以組合P3A/R1、F2代以組合P3A/992為最佳。關(guān)鍵詞鹽堿地;紅麻;引種;雜交種中圖分類號(hào)Q143文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼A文章編號(hào)1000-4890(2014)1-0059—06Theintroductionofkenaf
3、(H/b/sCUScannabinUSL.)hybridsonsaline-alkalilandinNorthHenan.ZHANGXin,DONGNa,LIUMing-jiu,PANZi—liang(CollegeofLifeScienceandTechnology,HenanInstituteofScienceandTechnology,Xinxiang453003,Henan,China;XinyangAgriculturalSciencesAcademyofHenanProvince,X
4、inyang,Henan464000,China).ChineseJournalofEcology,2014,33(1):59—64.Abstract:Inordertoscreenoutthehigh—yieldingkenafhybridswhicharesuitableforgrowingonsaline—alkalilandinNorthHenan,takingH318asacontrol,wecompared11traitsofsixpairshybridsF1andF,ofkenaf
5、andanaXyzedthecompetitiveadvantagesofeachtrait,thedifferenceandcorrelationsbetweenF1andF,generations,aswellasthefadingratesofthegenerationF,relativetoF1.Theresultsshowedthatsignificantdifferencesexistedinthecompetitiveadvantageofeachtraitamongcombina
6、tionsofF1and/orF,generations.TheheterosisofF,generationsde—clinedsignificantly,buttheheterosisinafewcombinationscouldbeexploited.Moreover,therewerehighlysignificantpositivecorelationsinfiberthickness,driedrateoffreshfiberandfiberrateoffreshstembetwee
7、nF1andF2generations.Forharvestingthewholestemofkenaf,theF1ofcombinationF3A/992andtheF2ofcombinationF3A/R7werethebest,butforharvestingthefiberofkenaf,theF1ofcombinationP3A/R1andtheF2ofcombinationP3A/992werethebest.Keywords:saline.a(chǎn)lkaliland;kenaf(Hibi
8、scuscannabinusL.);introduction;hybrid.紅麻(HibiscuscannabinusL.)以其速生高產(chǎn)(為源物質(zhì)和森林耕地日益緊張的情況下,合理開發(fā)與一般樹木的3~4倍)、極強(qiáng)的CO同化能力(為一般利用鹽堿地成為研究熱點(diǎn),而紅麻具有耐鹽堿、耐貧樹木的4~5倍)以及新興的替代性用途(替代木材瘠等優(yōu)點(diǎn),并可改良土壤(Francoiseta1.,1990;造紙和制纖維板等、替代塑料生產(chǎn)可生物降解地膜、Bhangooeta1.,1993;范光年等,2010;楊煜曦等,替