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1、新SAT寫作最新真題題源第1篇：不要欺負(fù)軟科學(xué)Stopbullyingthe'soft'sciencesThesocialsciencesarejustthat--sciences.July12,2012
2、ByTimothyD.WilsonTimothyD.WilsonisaprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofVirginiaandtheauthorof"Redirect:TheSurprisingNewScienceofPsychologicalChange."Once,dur
3、ingameetingatmyuniversity,abiologistmentionedthathewastheonlyfacultymemberpresentfromasciencedepartment.WhenIcorrectedhim,notingthatIwasfromtheDepartmentofPsychology,hewavedhishanddismissively,asifIwereaLittleLeaguertellingamemberoftheNewYorkYankeesthatItooplaye
4、dbaseball.Therehaslongbeensnobberyinthesciences,withthe"hard"ones(physics,chemistry,biology)consideringthemselvestobemorelegitimatethanthe"soft"ones(psychology,sociology).Itisthusnosurprisethatmanymembersofthegeneralpublicfeelthesameway.Butoflate,skepticismabout
5、therigorsofsocialsciencehasreachedabsurdheights.TheU.S.HouseofRepresentativesrecentlyvotedtoeliminatefundingforpoliticalscienceresearchthroughtheNationalScienceFoundation.Inthewakeofthataction,anopinionwriterfortheWashingtonPostsuggestedthattheHousedidn'tgofaren
6、ough.TheNSFshouldnotfundanyresearchinthesocialsciences,wroteCharlesLane,because"unlikehypothesesinthehardsciences,hypothesesaboutsocietyusuallycan'tbeprovenordisprovenbyexperimentation."Thisisnewstomeandthemanyothersocialscientistswhohavespenttheircareersdoingca
7、refullycontrolledexperimentsonhumanbehavior,insideandoutsidethelaboratory.Whatmakesthecriticismsogallingisthatthosewhovoiceit,ormembersoftheirfamilies,haveundoubtedlybenefitedfromresearchinthedisciplinestheydismiss.Mostofusknowsomeonewhohassufferedfromdepression
8、andsoughtpsychotherapy.Heorsheprobablybenefitedfromtherapiessuchascognitivebehavioraltherapythathavebeenshowntoworkinrandomizedclinicaltrials.Problemssuchaschildabuseandteenagepregnancytakeahugetollonsociety.Interventionsdevelopedbyresearchpsychologists,testedwi
9、ththeexperimentalmethod,havebeenfoundtolowertheincidenceofchildabuseandreducetherateofteenagepregnancies.Everhearofstereotypethreat?Itisthedoublejeopardythatpeoplefac
