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1、TheCreativePersonality創(chuàng)意性格MihalyCsikszentmihalyi米哈伊·奇克森特米海伊ThetextisfromCreativity:TheWorkandLivesof91EminentPeople,byMihalyCsikszentmihalyi,publishedbyHarperCollins,1996.Ihavedevoted30yearsofresearchtohowcreativepeopleliveandwork.IfIhadtoexpressinonewordwhatmakestheirpersonalitiesd
2、ifferentfromothers,it'scomplexity.Theycontaincontradictoryextremes;insteadofbeingan"individual",eachofthemisa"multitude".我花了30年的時(shí)間研究富有創(chuàng)意的人是如何生活和工作的。如果要用一個(gè)詞來(lái)概括他們的性格與常人的差別所在,那就是“復(fù)雜”。他們身上有著極其矛盾的特征,他們不是“個(gè)體”,每個(gè)有創(chuàng)意的人都是“復(fù)合體”。Herearesometraitsthatareoftenfoundincreativepeople.Thesetraitsare
3、integratedwitheachotherinadialecticalmanner.面就是富有創(chuàng)意的人身上常會(huì)具備的一些特征。這些特征有機(jī)組合、辯證統(tǒng)一。1.Creativepeoplehaveagreatdealofphysicalenergy,buttheyarealsooftenquietandatrest.Theycanworklonghourswithgreatconcentrationwhileremainingfreshandenthusiasticallthetime.Thisdoesnotmeanthatcreativepeopleare
4、alwaysactive.Infact,theyrestoftenandsleepalot.Theimportantthingisthattheyknowhowtocontroltheirenergy,whichisnotruledbythecalendar,theclockoranexternalschedule.Whennecessary,theycanfocusitlikealaserbeam;whennot,creativetypesimmediatelyrechargetheirbatteries.Thisisnotabiorhythminherit
5、edwiththeirgenes;itwaslearnedbytrialanderrorasastrategyforachievingtheirgoals.1.富有創(chuàng)意的人精力充沛,但也經(jīng)常安靜地休息。他們可以注意力高度集中地工作很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間,而始終神采奕奕、興致勃勃。這并不是說(shuō)富有創(chuàng)意的人超級(jí)亢奮。事實(shí)上,他們經(jīng)常休息,睡得也很多。重要的是,他們知道如何掌控自己的精力,而人的精力并不是由日歷、時(shí)鐘或外在的日程安排來(lái)控制的。有必要時(shí),他們就能像激光一樣專注;沒必要時(shí),富有創(chuàng)意的人就會(huì)立刻開始充電。這不是得自遺傳基因的生物節(jié)奏;而是為達(dá)到目標(biāo)而通過(guò)反復(fù)嘗試掌握的一種
6、策略。closeCreativepeopletendtobesmartyetnaiveatthesametime.Anotherwayofexpressingthisdialecticisthecontrastingpolesofwisdomandchildishness.AsHowardGardnerrevealsinhisstudyofthemajorcreativegeniusesofthe20thcentury,acertainimmaturity,bothemotionalandmental,cangohandinhandwithdeepestins
7、ights.2.富有創(chuàng)意的人往往精明而又天真。換句話說(shuō),這個(gè)矛盾體就是智慧和幼稚這兩個(gè)極端?;羧A德·加德納對(duì)二十世紀(jì)的重要?jiǎng)?chuàng)意天才進(jìn)行了研究,結(jié)果表明,最深邃的洞察力可能與某種程度的不成熟(包括情感和思維方面的)共生共存。closeEarlierstudiesonsuperiormentalabilitiesshowthatchildrenwithveryhighIQsdowellinlife,butafteracertainpoint,IQdoesnotseemtobecorrelatedanylongerwithsuperiorperformanceinr
8、eallife.Laterstudie