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1、賓語從句和表語從句編稿:審稿:梁曉概念引入Shedoesn’tknow(that)herfatherisseriouslyill.她不知道她父親病得很嚴(yán)重。CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?你可以告訴我怎么去火車站嗎?Theproblemiswhentheycangetthere.問題是他們什么時候能到那兒。Theproblemiswhetherwecanreplaceher.問題是我們能否替換她。語法講解一、賓語從句的定義置于動詞、介詞等詞性后面起
2、賓語作用的從句叫賓語從句。賓語從句的語序必須是陳述語序。謂語動詞、介詞、動詞不定式,v-ing形式后面都能帶賓語從句。有些形容詞(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以帶賓語從句。二、賓語從句中引導(dǎo)詞的用法在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語,引導(dǎo)詞有:連詞:that(that常可省略),whether,if代詞:who,whose,what,which副詞:when,where,how,why等。(一)that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(在非正式場合that可以省略)可跟that從句做賓語的動詞有:say,thin
3、k,insist,wish,hope,demand,imagine,wonder,know,suppose,see,believe,agree,admit,deny,expect,explain,order,command,feel,dream,suggest,hear,mean,notice,prefer,request,require,propose,declare,report等。例句:Theboybelievesthathewilltravelthroughspacetootherplane
4、ts.注意事項(xiàng):當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是think,believe,suppose,expect等詞,而賓語從句的意思是否定時,常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。例句:Idon’tthinkitisrightforhimtotreatyoulikethat.【高清課堂:賓語從句和表語從句—367116名詞性從句(二)賓語從句】由that引起的從句,在believe,think,suppose后常不加that。在think,believe,suppose,expect,guess等動詞引起的賓語從句中,有時盡管謂語是否
5、定意思,也只將前面的think等詞否定。Idon’tthinkyoucanbeatme.Hedoesn’texpectweneedworry.有時在賓語和謂語之間可以插入一個間接賓語或狀語。SheremindedmethatIhadameetingtoattend.Theyexplainedtousthattheydidn’tmeantomakeusangry.有時在這種帶有復(fù)合賓語的句子中,that引起的從句常常移到后面,前面用一個it作為形式賓語。Ithoughtitveryimpossible
6、thatshewouldcome.Theytookitforgrantedthatthesingerwascoming.在以下情況中that不能省略1.當(dāng)句中的動詞后接多于兩個由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時,第一個that可省,但后面的that不可省。例句:Hesaid(that)youweretooyoungtounderstandthematterandthathewasaskednottotellyou.2.當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞與that賓語從句之間有插入語時,that一般不可省。例句:Justthe
7、nInoticed,forthefirsttime,thatourmasterwaswearinghisfinegreencoatandhisblacksilkcap.3.當(dāng)that從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時,that不可省。例句:Ican’ttellhimthathismotherdied.注意事項(xiàng):許多帶復(fù)合賓語的句子,that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句經(jīng)常移到句子后部,而用it作形式賓語。例句:Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomeworkontime.(二)由whet
8、her,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由whether(if)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,實(shí)際上是一般疑問句演變而來的。意思是“是否”。賓語從句要用陳述句語序。一般說來,在賓語從句中whether與if可以互換使用,但在特殊情況下if與whether是不能互換的。例句:Iwonderwhether(if)theywillcometoourparty.只能用whether,不能用if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句1.在帶to的不定式前2.例句:Wedecidedwhethertowalkthere.3.在介詞