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1、2008年8月地球?qū)W報(bào)Aug.200829卷4期:405413ACTAGEOSCIENTICASINICA29(4):405413鄂爾多斯白堊系自流水盆地沉積特征、巖性分布與盆地演化規(guī)律1)2)3)楊友運(yùn)張英利侯光才1)西安石油大學(xué),陜西西安710065;2)中國(guó)地質(zhì)科學(xué)院礦產(chǎn)資源研究所,北京100037;3)西安地質(zhì)礦產(chǎn)研究所,陜西西安710054摘要鄂爾多斯白堊系含水盆地是國(guó)內(nèi)特大型自流水盆地,沉積相和盆地演化是影響含水巖組發(fā)育特征以及含水性的重要因素之一。筆者從盆地邊界特征、盆地結(jié)構(gòu)、沉積環(huán)境背景以及沉積物特征入手,著重探討了盆地演化與含水巖組分布規(guī)律、含水巖組沉積相與含水性之
2、間的關(guān)系。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)早白堊世時(shí),盆地以南北向?yàn)檩S、東西非均衡沉降,盆地結(jié)構(gòu)東緩西陡,極不對(duì)稱。盆內(nèi)發(fā)育的洛河、環(huán)河華池和羅漢洞3個(gè)主要含水巖組受盆地構(gòu)造演化和沉積相控制,洛河組最發(fā)育,分布面積最廣,環(huán)河華池組以及羅漢洞組比較局限,同時(shí)在盆地西部沉降中心區(qū)分布的地層厚度明顯大于周緣抬升帶。隨盆地沉積環(huán)境變化,沿盆緣以沖積扇、河流相和三角洲平原分流河道相砂礫巖和砂巖沉積為主,盆內(nèi)由風(fēng)成沙漠相、三角洲前緣相和湖泊相砂巖和泥巖組成。其中洛河組風(fēng)成沙漠相砂巖,因產(chǎn)狀穩(wěn)定、覆蓋面積廣、巖性組分和結(jié)構(gòu)成熟度高、孔滲性能好、雜基和有害可溶組分含量低,頂?shù)装寮斑吔绺魮鯉r性空間匹配關(guān)系合理,形成了自流水盆地最
3、理想的含水層。關(guān)鍵詞鄂爾多斯;白堊系;自流水盆地;沉積相;巖性;盆地演化中圖分類號(hào):P534.53文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):10063021(2008)0440509DepositionalCharacteristics牞LithologicFaciesDistributionandEvolutionPatternofCretaceousArtesianBasininOrdos1牘2牘3牘YANGYouyunZHANGYingliHOUGuangcai1牘XianShiyouUniversity牞Xian牞Shaanxi710065牷2牘InstituteofMineralRes
4、ources牞ChineseAcademyofGeologicalSciences牞Beijing100037牷3牘XianInstituteofGeology&MineralResources牞Xian牞Shaanxi710054AbstractOrdosbasinisoneoftheCretaceousaquiferbasinsinChina牞wheresedimentaryfaciesandbasinevolutionconstituteoneoftheimportantfactorsaffectingthedevelopmentofwaterbearingformatio
5、nandwatercontent.Basedonboundaryfeatures牞basinstructure牞sedimentaryenvironmentandsedimentsofthisbasin牞theauthorsdiscussedtherelationshipsbetweenbasinevolutionanddistributionpattern牞sedimentaryfaciesofwaterbearingformationandwatercontent.Itisindicatedthat牞duringearlyCretaceous牞itsaxisextendedfro
6、msouthtonorth牞anditsdisequilibriumsubsidenceappearedinEWdirectionanditsconfigurationwasasymmetrical牞beingflatdippingintheeastandsteeplyinclinedinthewest.Threemainwaterbearingformations牞namelyLuoheformation牞HuanheHuachiformationandLuohandongformation牞werecontrolledbystructuralevolutionandse
7、dimentaryfacies.Luoheformationwasdevelopedextensively牞whileHuanheHuachiformationandLuohandongformationweredistributedlocally.StratigraphicthicknessatthecenterofthesubsidencewasthickerthanthatalongtheupliftzonearoundO