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1、指示代詞:表示"那個(gè)"、"這個(gè)"、"這些"、"那些"等指示概念的代詞。指示代詞有this,that,these,those等。說明1:指示代詞在作主語時(shí)可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分時(shí)只能指物,不能指人,例如: (對(duì))Thatismyteacher. 那是我的老師。(that作主語,指人) (對(duì))Heisgoingtomarrythisgirl. 他要和這個(gè)姑娘結(jié)婚。(this作限定詞) (錯(cuò))Heisgoingtomarrythis.?。╰his作賓語時(shí)不能指人) (對(duì))Iboughtthis. 我買這個(gè)。(this指物,可作賓語)說明2: That和those
2、可作定語從句的先行詞,但this和these不能,同時(shí),在作先行詞時(shí),只有those可指人,試比較: (對(duì))Headmiredthatwhichlookedbeautiful. 他贊賞外表漂亮的東西?!?對(duì))Headmiredthosewholookedbeautiful.他贊賞那些外表漂亮的人。(those指人) (錯(cuò))Headmiredthatwhodancedwell. (that作賓語時(shí)不能指人) (對(duì))Headmiredthosewhodancedwell. 他贊賞跳舞好的人。(those指人) (對(duì))Headmiredthosewhichlookedbea
3、utiful.他贊賞那些外表漂亮的東西。(those指物)()1Who'sthatatthedoor?____isthepostman.A.SheB.ThisC.ItD.He()2-Who'sthatinthepicture?A.It'smeB.That'sIC.ThisisaboyD.It'sI()3-Look,whoiscoming?-___mustbeourEnglishteacher.A.SheB.HeC.ItD.This()4Someoneisknockingatthedoor,butwhocan____be?A.oneB.heC.sheD.it()5___
4、waslatesummerandtheweatherwasveryhot.A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.It's()6.Whattimeis____now?AitB.allC.thisD:that()7.___aheavyrainlastnight.A.TherehadB.WehadC.ItwasD.Thereis()8.___is200kilometresfromheretothenaturalpark.Wehavetogotherebycar.A.ThereB.ItC.ThisD.Theplace8、不定代詞:代替或修飾不特指的人或事物的代詞叫不定代詞。單數(shù)
5、含義someanynonone//eacheveryoneEithereithersotheother,another不可數(shù)含義muchLittle,alittleall////復(fù)數(shù)含義manyfew,afewonesbothothers,theothers※注:復(fù)合不定代詞有12個(gè):something(某事),someone(某人),somebody(某人),anything(任何事),anyone(任何人),anybody(任何人),nothing(沒事),nobody(沒有人),noone(沒有人),everything(一切),everyone(每個(gè)人),ev
6、erybody(每個(gè)人).(1)some和any的用法:some一般用于肯定句中,意思是“幾個(gè)”、“一些”、“某個(gè)”作定語時(shí)可修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。如:Ihavesomeworktodotoday.(今天我有些事情要做)/Theywillgotheresomeday.(他們有朝一日會(huì)去那兒)some用于疑問句時(shí),表示建議、請(qǐng)求或希望得到肯定回答。如:Wouldyoulikesomecoffeewithsugar?(你要加糖的咖啡嗎?)any一般用于疑問句或否定句中,意思是“任何一些”、“任何一個(gè)”,作定語時(shí)可修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。如:Theydidn’thavea
7、nyfriendshere.(他們?cè)谶@里沒有朋友)/Haveyougotanyquestionstoask?(你有問題要問嗎?)any用于肯定句時(shí),意思是“任何的”。Comeherewithanyfriend.(隨便帶什么朋友來吧。)(2)no和none的用法:no是形容詞,只能作定語表示,意思是“沒有”,修飾可數(shù)名詞(單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù))或不可數(shù)名詞。如:Thereisnotimeleft.Pleasehurryup.(沒有時(shí)間了,請(qǐng)快點(diǎn))/Theyhadnoreadingbookstolend.(他們沒有閱讀用書可以出借)none只能獨(dú)立使用,在句子中可