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1、珠江廣州段底棲動(dòng)物群落結(jié)構(gòu)初步研究第27卷第5期20l1年10月中國(guó)環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)EnvironmentalMonitoringinChinaV01.27No.5Oct.2O1l珠江廣州段底棲動(dòng)物群落結(jié)構(gòu)初步研究蔣萬(wàn)祥,-,賴子尼,彭松耀,高原,楊婉玲,龐世勛(1.中國(guó)水產(chǎn)科學(xué)研究院珠江水產(chǎn)研究所,廣東廣州510380;2.棗莊學(xué)院生命科學(xué)系,山東棗莊277160)摘要:2009年3月對(duì)珠江廣州大橋到海印橋段底棲動(dòng)物群落結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行調(diào)查.共采集6種底棲動(dòng)物樣品,其中霍夫水絲蚓為研究區(qū)域優(yōu)勢(shì)類群,密度和生物量相對(duì)豐度分別為96.3%和71.9%.海印橋
2、底棲動(dòng)物密度和生物量最大,分別為305280ind/m和664.72g/m;中大碼頭次之,分別為54144ind/m和129.27g/m;廣州大橋最小,分別為43200ind/m和93.87g/m.底棲動(dòng)物群落結(jié)構(gòu)極為不均勻,廣州大橋,中大碼頭和海印橋Shannon—Wiener多樣性指數(shù)分別為0.34,0.27,0.14;Margalef多樣性指數(shù)分別為0.32,0.19,0.11,均勻度指數(shù)19,0.20,n13,物種豐度分別為6,4和3,屬嚴(yán)重污染水平.對(duì)理化指標(biāo)進(jìn)行分析表明,溶解氧過(guò)低是生物多樣性低的直接原因,控磷,除磷對(duì)降低水體營(yíng)
3、養(yǎng)水平,恢復(fù)生物多樣性意義重大.關(guān)鍵詞:底棲動(dòng)物;群落結(jié)構(gòu);生物多樣性;珠江中圖分類號(hào):X835文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):1002-6002l20l1)05-0069—04PrimaryStudyofMacroinvertebrateCommunityStructureinthePearlRiverGuangzhouPortionJIANGWan—xiang,eta1.(1.PearlRiverFisheriesResearchInstitute,ChineseAcademicofFisherySciences,Guangzhou510380
4、,China;2.DepartmentofLifeSciences,ZaozhuangUniversity,Zaozhuang277160,China)Abstract:MacroinvertebratecommunitystructurewasstudiedinthePearlRiverGuangzhoubridgetoHaiyinbridgeportioninMarch2009.Theresultsshowedthatsixtaxawerecollected,andamongthemLimnodrilushoffmeisteriwast
5、hedominanttaxon,withdensityandbiomassrelativeabundancewere96.3%and71.9%respectively.Haiyinbridgewasthebiggestsiteindensityandbiomass,withthemwere305280ind/mand664.72g/mseparately;~llowedbyZhongdadocksite,withthemwere54144ind/mand129.27g/m;andlowestintheGuangzhoubridgesite,
6、withthemwere43200ind/mand93.87S/m.Macroinvertebratecommunitystructurewasseriouslyuneven.Shannon-WienerbiodiversityindexinGuangzhoubridge,ZhongdadockandHaiyinbridgewere0.34,0.27,0.14respectively;Margalefbiodiversityindexinthethreesiteswere0.32,0.19,0.11;Evennessindexintheth
7、reesiteswere0.19,0.20,0.13;Richnessinthethreesitessiteswere6,4,3respectively.Thestudywaterwasseriouslypolluted.Byanalysisthephysiochemiealfactors,wefoundthatlowdissolvedoxygencontentwasmainanddirectfactorinfluencingthebiodiversity;limitingandremovingphosphorusmeanalottobio
8、diversityrecoveringinthestudyarea.Keywords:Macroinvertebrate;Communitystructure;Biodivers
