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1、總結(jié)氣象站自記儀故障排除手段1各種自記儀器筆位需要調(diào)整的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)1allkindsofrecordingpenpositionneedtoadjustthestandardinstrument 將自記值同實(shí)測(cè)值比較,若兩者相差較大,當(dāng)氣壓計(jì)誤差>±1.5hpa,溫度計(jì)誤差>±1.0℃,濕度計(jì)誤差≥10%時(shí),應(yīng)及時(shí)調(diào)整儀器筆位。虹吸雨量計(jì):排水完畢后若不停留在自記紙0線上,虹吸作用開始時(shí)自記筆尖未指在10mm處,應(yīng)及時(shí)調(diào)整自記筆位(無降水時(shí)自記紙可連續(xù)使用8~10d,需每天加注1.0mm水量來抬高筆位,以免每日跡線重疊)[3]。Recordingvaluecomparedwithmeasu
2、redvalues,ifthetwolargedifference,whenerror>+1.5hpabarometer,thermometererror>plusorminus1.0℃,humiditymetererrorof10%ormore,shouldtimelyadjusttheinstrumentpen.Siphonraingauge:afterthedrainageifzerolinedoesnotstayontherecordingpaper,siphoneffectatthebeginningoftherecordingpennotreferstothe10mm,sh
3、ouldtimelyadjusttherecordingpen(withoutprecipitationrecordingpapercancontinuoususe8~10d,needstobeloadedwith1.0mmofwatereverydaytoraisethepen,soastoavoiddailytraceoverlap)[3]. 2自記值與實(shí)測(cè)值相差過大的主要原因2withthefieldrecordingvarytoomuch (1)溫度計(jì)與干球讀數(shù)相差過大。主要原因有:感應(yīng)部分(雙金屬片)上積有灰塵或水,干球或溫度計(jì)數(shù)值誤讀;干球上積有灰塵或水;溫度表內(nèi)刻度磁
4、板破損,毛細(xì)管內(nèi)有水銀滴、黑色沉淀的氧化物,水銀柱中斷等。(1)anddrybulbthermometerreadingsdiffertoomuch.Mainreasonsare:inductionpart(bimetallicstrip)onthedepositionofdustorwater,drybulbthermometerornumericalmisunderstanding;Drybulbproductwithdustorwater;Thermometercalibrationwithinthemagneticplatebreakage,mercuryincapillary
5、precipitationdrops,blackoxide,mercuryinterrupt,etc. (2)濕度計(jì)與干濕球讀數(shù)相差過大。對(duì)濕度計(jì)來說,可能是遇惡劣天氣或久未清洗,毛發(fā)變臟(沾上灰塵),影響脫脂毛發(fā)的收縮與擴(kuò)張,毛發(fā)脫落(鉤),天氣驟變,儀器的滯后性等造成兩者相差過大。對(duì)于干濕球,則可能是蒸餾水不純、紗布包扎過緊或被污染、濕球無水或太少甚至不到2/3、水杯中有水但久未清洗水杯、干濕球可能誤讀;冬季溶冰不當(dāng)、調(diào)整筆位時(shí)的天氣條件不適宜、調(diào)整筆位時(shí)影響放大倍率等。(2)withwetanddrybulbhygrometerreadingdiffertoomuch.Form
6、oisturemeter,islikelytoencounterbadweatherornotclean,hairbecomedirty(touchdirt),affectskimmedthecontractionandexpansionofthehair,hairloss(hook),theweatherchangedandinstrumentcausebothdiffertoomuchlagandsoon.Forwetanddrybulb,couldbedistilledwaterisnotpure,gauzebandagetootightorcontaminated,wetbal
7、llessthantwo-thirdsofnowaterortoolittle,havewaterinthecupbutforalongtimenottocleanwater,wetanddrybulbcouldread;Meltingiceinwinter,theweatherduringyourpenwhenconditionsarenotappropriate,yourpenmagnification,etc. (3)氣壓計(jì)與動(dòng)槽水銀表
