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1、年產(chǎn)16萬噸甲醇精餾工段設計摘要甲醇作為一種用途廣泛的有機化工產(chǎn)品,醇還能與有機酸、無機酸、氨、苯、一氧化碳、乙炔、金屬鈉、苯胺等作用。即可發(fā)生氧化反應、氨化反應、酯化反應、羰基化反應、鹵化反應等多種化學反應,甲醇生產(chǎn)越來越受到重視。仔細研究工藝設計任務書,明確設計任務后,查閱相關資料,選擇了甲醇精餾的工藝流程。對工藝流程中的主塔進行工藝計算,即回流比及塔板數(shù)的計算、精餾塔的塔體工藝尺寸計算、塔板的主要工藝尺寸的計算、流體力學驗算、繪制塔板負荷性能圖,最后需要編寫設計說明書,并繪制主塔設備圖。通過物料衡算,得出了主要的物料流量及塔溫;對工
2、藝結構進行設計,實際塔板數(shù)為20塊,每層塔板高度為0.40m,總的塔高數(shù)為19.14m,塔徑為3.2m;接著進行了流體力學驗算,并繪制了操作性能圖,結果表明計算符合要求;然后對主要接管和輔助設備根據(jù)要求進行了選擇;其次對設計結果進行了列表;最后繪制了精餾塔設備圖。通過這次設計,進一步的鞏固了化工原理課程中的相關知識,且學會了對化工設備的設計,為今后從事化工打下了一定的基礎。關鍵詞:甲醇;精餾;工藝設計TheProcessDesignofSectionAnnualOutputof16TonsofMethanolDistillationAbs
3、tract:Methanolasaversatileorganicchemicalproducts,alcoholandalsoorganicacids,inorganicacids,ammonia,benzene,carbonmonoxide,acetylene,metallicsodium,anilineandsoon.Oxidationreactioncanoccur,variouschemicalreactionsamination,esterificationreaction,carbonizationreaction,halo
4、genationsreaction,methanolproductionmoreandmoreattention.Carefulstudyoftheprocessdesigntaskbook,cleardesigntask,accesstorelevantinformation,selectthemethanoldistillationprocess.Themaintowerontheprocessforprocesscalculations,namelyrefluxratiocalculationandplatenumber,recti
5、fyingcolumntowerbodysizecalculationprocess,plateofthemaintechnicalsizecalculation,fluidchecking,drawingtrayloadperformancechartFinally,youneedtowritedesignspecifications,anddrawthemaintowermap.Wecanobtaintheflowofthemainmaterialofthetowerbythemeansofcalculatingofmateriala
6、ndheat.Whenwedesigntheprocessstructure,weshoulduse20piecesoftowerplate,whichhasitsstandards:theheightofeachlayeris0.40m,theheightis19.14m,thetowerdiameteris3.2m;thenweshouldcarryonthefluidmchanicscalculation,anddrawtheperformancechart,andfinallywewillfindthecalculationmee
7、tstherequirements;thenextstepsareasfollowing,firstly,havingaselectionaccordingtotherequirementsofmainpipeandaccessoryequipment,Secondly,listingthedesignresults,finally,drawingtherectificationtowerequipmentWecanfurtherstrengthentherelevantknowledgeofchemicalprinciplescours
8、esafterthisdesign,andwecanlearnthedesignofchemicalequipment,andthenlayacertainfoundationintheche