博弈論方法在日常生活中的運(yùn)用

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1、中文系09級對外漢語專業(yè)尹汝0940501114廣東外語外貿(mào)大學(xué)本科生畢業(yè)論文姓名：xxx學(xué)號：xxxx學(xué)院：廣東外語外貿(mào)大學(xué)專業(yè)：xxx論文題目：博弈論方法在日常生活中的運(yùn)用2011年6月26日14中文系09級對外漢語專業(yè)尹汝0940501114摘要博弈論主要研究公式化了的激勵結(jié)構(gòu)間的相互作用，是研究具有斗爭或競爭性質(zhì)現(xiàn)象的數(shù)學(xué)理論和方法，也是運(yùn)籌學(xué)的一個重要學(xué)科。目前在生物學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、國際關(guān)系、計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)、政治學(xué)、軍事戰(zhàn)略和其他很多學(xué)科都有廣泛的應(yīng)用。人們每天都面臨著無數(shù)個選擇，而博弈能運(yùn)用具體的案例模型和相對應(yīng)的決策方法，讓人們在最短的時間內(nèi)作出最有利于自己的選擇。本文在簡要介紹了博

2、弈相關(guān)內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上，重點(diǎn)結(jié)合博弈相關(guān)策略在生活中的應(yīng)用。其中重點(diǎn)介紹優(yōu)勢策略理論以及分析解決日常生活中的實(shí)際問題。在此基礎(chǔ)上，通過經(jīng)典案例具體研究囚徒困境等模型以及如何運(yùn)用相對應(yīng)的策略決定最具優(yōu)勢的方法。關(guān)鍵詞：優(yōu)勢策略；囚徒困境；選擇策略；實(shí)際運(yùn)用14中文系09級對外漢語專業(yè)尹汝0940501114目錄引言········································································4一、什么是博弈論···························································4（一

3、）博弈的定義···························································4（二）博弈的歷史···························································5二、為什么我們需要博弈····················································5三、博弈的要素·····························································5四、如何運(yùn)用優(yōu)勢策略到生活中·················

4、····························6（一）分析經(jīng)典案例——《麥吉的禮物》·····································6（二）分析案例結(jié)果·························································714中文系09級對外漢語專業(yè)尹汝0940501114（三）優(yōu)勢策略在日常生活中的運(yùn)用·········································7一、囚徒困境模型······················································

5、·····8（一）分析經(jīng)典案例——《囚徒困境》········································8（二）囚徒困境在學(xué)生違紀(jì)調(diào)查中的運(yùn)用····································8（三）小結(jié)··································································9（四）在生活中采取針鋒相對策略才能維持合作······························9六、大學(xué)生活中的選擇博弈···········································

6、······10（一）大學(xué)生活中的經(jīng)典案例分析——學(xué)習(xí)還是玩··························10（二）納什均衡在生活中的運(yùn)用·············································11（三）小結(jié)··································································11七、結(jié)論···································································1214中文系09級對外漢語專業(yè)尹汝0940501114引言隨著博弈論

7、的發(fā)展和博弈研究的不斷深入，人們意識到這種理論和日常經(jīng)濟(jì)生活的聯(lián)系越來越緊密。在這個利益紛爭的時代，每個人都在為獲得最大的利益而努力，在每個涉及到利益的領(lǐng)域，都需要我們運(yùn)用博弈思維，提高自己對社會現(xiàn)象的洞察能力和決策能力，并將博弈的原理和規(guī)則運(yùn)用到自己的人生實(shí)踐中，在面對問題時作出理性的選擇，減少失誤，突破困境，取得事業(yè)和人生的成功。博弈論有著重要的指導(dǎo)意義。它可以揭示許多日常生活中所發(fā)生問題的內(nèi)在規(guī)律和根源，幫助人們分