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1、AttributiveClause一.復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞、代詞或整個(gè)主句的從句，即定語從句（后置于名詞）被定語從句所修飾的詞為先行詞；【分裂式定從：IhaveanauntinLondonwhoneverwritetome.】從句中人稱、數(shù)、形式需與先行詞保持一致（主謂一致）◆HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.◆HeisoneofthestudentswhogotoBeijing.Heisthe(only)oneofthestudentswhogoestoBeijing..nottheonlyoneof=oneof二．限制性
2、定從→修飾限制先行詞，省去后原句意義表達(dá)不完整；（前無逗號(hào)）非限制性定從→補(bǔ)充說明先行詞，省去后原句意義不受影響（前有逗號(hào)）◆Hehastwosons,whoworkinthesamecompany.Hehastwosonswhoworkinthesamecompany.三．引導(dǎo)定語從句關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系代詞：whichthatwhowhomwhoseas關(guān)系副詞：whenwherewhy主句完整，從句不完整（缺主語、賓語、定語）→關(guān)系代詞主句完整，從句完整→關(guān)系副詞（缺狀語）或介詞+which/whom從句完整：when、where、why介詞+which/whom(介詞選用原則)
3、分析從句：缺定語(the):whose從句不完整：缺人：who/whom(區(qū)分)缺主/賓/表：缺物：which/that(區(qū)分)缺人/物：as(兩個(gè)用法)四．關(guān)系代詞（A/B/C：主賓D：定語）A.指代人：①who→主語、賓語◆Thatistheman________helpsme.whom→賓語◆Thatistheman________Ihelp.◆Doyouknowthewomanwhomwemetatthegate.②介詞+whom（介詞的選用原則：先行詞//從句中VI）◆HereareplayersfromChina,someofwhomareouroldfriends
4、.◆Inthedarkstreet,therewasn`tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.B.指代物：whichthat先行詞指代物時(shí)用that不用which的情況：(1)先行詞是不定代詞allnononetheoneanyfewlittlemucheverythingnothinganything等時(shí)；（something后用“that”或“which”均可）◆IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyouintown?◆Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.(2)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或thelas
5、t,theonly,thevery修飾時(shí)◆ThisisthefirstplacethatIvisitedlasttime.24(3)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾；◆ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.(4)先行詞包括人、物兩方面時(shí)；◆Theytalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.(5)當(dāng)主語是`which、who、what`開頭的特殊問句時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞一般用`that`，而不用`which`；◆Whoisthegirl(thatis)sittingbyt
6、helake?◆Whichofthosebooks(thatare)onthetablebelongtoyou?(6)兩個(gè)定語從句時(shí)，其中一關(guān)系代詞用which，另外一個(gè)用that◆Theysecretlybuildupasmallfactory,whichproducedthingsthatcouldcausepollution.(7)先行詞在主句中作表語，而關(guān)系代詞也在從句中作表語時(shí)◆Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.先行詞指代物時(shí)用which不用that的兩種情況(1)非限制性定語從句中◆Sheheardaterribleno
7、ise,whichbroughtherheartintohermonth.(2)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語時(shí)，用介+which結(jié)構(gòu)◆Hebuiltatelescopethroughwhichhecouldstudytheskies.C.as用法(1)用于“such…as”“thesame…as”“as…as”so…as”特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中：◆ThisisnotsuchabookasIexpected.區(qū)別thesame…as和thesame…that？◆Thisisthesametoolas/thatIu
