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1、隧洞破碎帶圍巖失穩(wěn)破壞模式及控制措施研究邵帥1，楊興國1，黃成2，黃康鑫3，周家文1*(1.四川大學水力學與山區(qū)河流開發(fā)保護國家重點實驗室，四川成都610065；2.中國水利水電第七工程局有限公司，四川成都610081；3.四川大學水利水電學院，四川成都610065)摘要：為了解決在隧洞開挖過程中遇到節(jié)理帶、斷層等軟弱破碎巖帶時，發(fā)生大變形、塌方等圍巖失穩(wěn)破壞等問題，需提前或及時做好圍巖支護措施，以確保洞室圍巖的穩(wěn)定及施工安全。本文以長河壩水電站泄洪洞工程為研究對象，通過對現(xiàn)場勘測資料、隧洞開挖施工方案及工程地質(zhì)條件等的綜合分析，確定
2、了軟弱破碎帶圍巖穩(wěn)定的主要影響因素，提出了隧洞破碎帶圍巖的典型失穩(wěn)破壞模式。針對隧洞破碎帶處圍巖的潛在失穩(wěn)問題，綜合采用超前支護、開挖后及時進行噴錨+鋼支撐+錨筋束聯(lián)合支護，并通過有限元手段對隧洞圍巖支護方案的加固效果進行了分析。有限元計算結(jié)果表明，隧洞破碎帶處經(jīng)及時加強支護后，圍巖變形得到有效地控制，避免了洞室圍巖失穩(wěn)破壞現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生；現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)及實施效果也表明及時加強支護措施對圍巖穩(wěn)定控制的有效性。關(guān)鍵詞：隧洞工程；軟弱破碎帶；破壞模式；圍巖穩(wěn)定性控制；數(shù)值模擬中圖分類號：TV65文獻標識碼：AFailuremodesanalys
3、isandcontrolmeasuresforsurroundingrockmassinfracturezoneoftunnelSHAOShuai1,YANGXing-guo1,HUANGCheng2,HUANGKang-xin3,ZHOUJia-wen1*(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofHydraulicsandMountainRiverEngineering,SichuanUniversity,Chengdu610065,China;2.Sinohydrobureau7CO.LTD,Chengdu610081,Chi
4、na;3.CollegeofWaterResourceandHydropower,SichuanUniversity,Chengdu610065,China)Abstract:Tosolvetheproblemthatthefailuresofsurroundingrockmasses(suchaslargedeformationandcollapse)willbeeasilyhappenedwhenencounterofdevelopedjointfissures,faultorotherweakfracturedzonedurin
5、gthetunnelexcavationprocess,supportingmeasuresinadvanceortimelyarerequiredtoensurethestabilityofsurroundingrockandthesafetyofconstruction.FlooddischargetunnelattheChanghebaHydropowerStationwasselectedasacasestudyexample,aftercomprehensiveanalysesoffieldinvestigationresu
6、lts,tunneldesignedschemesandengineeringgeologicalconditions,themainfactorseffectonthefailuresofsurroundingrockweredetermined,andthenthetypicalfailuremodesofsurroundingrockwereproposed.Forthepotentialinstabilityproblemsinfracturezoneoftunnel,advancesupportingmeasuresands
7、prayanchoring,steelsupporting,anchorwirebundlecombinedsupportingmeasureswereapplied,andreinforcementeffectofsupportingmeasuresforrockmasswasanalyzed.Theresultsshowedthatdeformationofsurroundingrockwascontrolledeffectivelyafterbeingsupportingtimely,whichpreventedsurround
8、ingrockfromfailure,moreover,thefieldmonitoringdataandapplicationeffectsprovedtheeffectivenessofreinforcingsupp
