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1、加plus減minus乘multiply除division數(shù)學(xué)mathematics,maths(BrE),math(AmE)公理axiom定理theorem計(jì)算calculation運(yùn)算operation證明prove假設(shè)hypothesis,hypotheses(pl.)命題proposition算術(shù)arithmetic加plus(prep.),add(v.),addition(n.)被加數(shù)augend,summand加數(shù)addend和sum減minus(prep.),subtract(v.),subtraction(n.)被減數(shù)minuend減數(shù)subtrahend差rem
2、ainder乘times(prep.),multiply(v.),multiplication(n.)被乘數(shù)multiplicand,faciend乘數(shù)multiplicator積product除dividedby(prep.),divide(v.),division(n.)被除數(shù)dividend除數(shù)divisor商quotient等于equals,isequalto,isequivalentto大于isgreaterthan小于islesserthan大于等于isequalorgreaterthan小于等于isequalorlesserthan運(yùn)算符operator平均數(shù)mea
3、n算術(shù)平均數(shù)arithmaticmean幾何平均數(shù)geometricmeann個(gè)數(shù)之積的n次方根倒數(shù)（reciprocal）x的倒數(shù)為1/x有理數(shù)rationalnumber無(wú)理數(shù)irrationalnumber實(shí)數(shù)realnumber虛數(shù)imaginarynumber數(shù)字digit數(shù)number自然數(shù)naturalnumber整數(shù)integer小數(shù)decimal小數(shù)點(diǎn)decimalpoint分?jǐn)?shù)fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive負(fù)negative零null,zero,nought,nil十進(jìn)制decimalsystem
4、二進(jìn)制binarysystem十六進(jìn)制hexadecimalsystem權(quán)weight,significance進(jìn)位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入rounddown上舍入roundup有效數(shù)字significantdigit無(wú)效數(shù)字insignificantdigit代數(shù)algebra公式formula,formulae(pl.)單項(xiàng)式monomial多項(xiàng)式polynomial,multinomial系數(shù)coefficient未知數(shù)unknown,x-factor,y-factor,z-factor等式，方程式equation一次方程simpleequ
5、ation二次方程quadraticequation三次方程cubicequation四次方程quarticequation不等式inequation階乘factorial對(duì)數(shù)logarithm指數(shù)，冪exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方thepoweroffour,thefourthpowern次方thepowerofn,thenthpower開(kāi)方evolution,extraction二次方根，平方根squareroot三次方根，立方根cuberoot四次方根therootoffour,thefourthrootn次方根theroo
6、tofn,thenthrootsqrt(2)=1.414sqrt(3)=1.732sqrt(5)=2.236常量constant變量variable坐標(biāo)系coordinates坐標(biāo)軸x-axis,y-axis,z-axis橫坐標(biāo)x-coordinate縱坐標(biāo)y-coordinate原點(diǎn)origin象限quadrant截距(有正負(fù)之分)intercede（方程的）解solution幾何geometry點(diǎn)point線line面plane體solid線段segment射線radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian銳角acutean
7、gle直角rightangle鈍角obtuseangle平角straightangle周角perigon底base邊side高h(yuǎn)eight三角形triangle銳角三角形acutetriangle直角三角形righttriangle直角邊leg斜邊hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagoreantheorem鈍角三角形obtusetriangle不等邊三角形scalenetriangle等腰三角形isoscelestriangle等邊三角形equilateraltriangle
