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《英國的政治制度ppt》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫。
1、BritishPoliticalSystemMonarchyParliamentGovernmentCabinetPoliticalPartiesGeneralElectionConstitutionalMonarchyTheKingorQueenisthepersonificationoftheState.Anold-fashionedgovernmentOnthebasisofconstitutionalmonarchyHeadofstate:thekingorqueenInpractice:theSovereignreigns,butdoesnotrule.I.ABri
2、efIntroductionThepresentSovereign:QueenElizabethIIsince19523.PrinceCharlesistheheirtothethrone.PrinceWilliamArthurPhilipLouisWindsorandPrinceWilliamTheRoyalFamilyGiveseffectstoalllawsastheheadoftheexecutivebranchofthegovernmentMaypardoncriminaloffencesandcancelpunishmentsThecommander-in-chi
3、efofthearmedforcesandthetemporalheadoftheChurchofEnglandThePoweroftheQueen4.Confersalltitlesofrank,andappointsjudges,armyofficers,governors,bishopsanddiplomats5.Concludestreaties,declareswar,andmakespeacewithothernationsTheImportanceofMonarchy1.Effectsonpublicattitude3.Asymbolofnationalunit
4、y4.Preservesthehumanrightsandproperty2.RepresentsthepoliticalcontinuityandadaptabilityTheRoyalDutiesVisitsmanypartsofBritainPaysstatevisitstoforeigncountriesToursotherCommon-wealthcountriesTheConstitutionBritaindoesn’thaveaconstitutionwrittendowninasingledocument.Theconstitutionflowsfrom(出自
5、，來自)6sources:1)TheRoyalPrerogatives皇家特權(quán)2)*StatuteLaws成文法3)*CommonLaws普通法,判例法4)*Conventions習(xí)慣法5)AuthoritativeOpinions權(quán)威意見6)EuropeanUnionLaws歐盟法IsraelandBritainaretheonlytwocountrieswithoutwrittenconstitutions.英國憲法不是一個具體的法律文本，但實際上其大部分內(nèi)容還是以成文法的形式出現(xiàn)的，包括由議會通過的法例、法院的判例和國際公約等等。除此之外，英國憲法的法律淵源還包括英國議
6、會慣例和國王特權(quán)。Parliamentconsistsof3constituentparts:theymustallagreetopassanygivenlegislationCrown(OfficialHead)HouseofLords(theUpperHouse)HouseofCommons(theLowerHouse)ParliamentUK:aunitarystateTheParliamentatWestminster(London)In1999,ScotlandandWaleshadtheirownparliamentsIn2007,NorthernIrelands
7、etupitsparliamentUKseemstobemovingtowardfederalism.Legislature(立法機(jī)關(guān))=ParliamentParliamentisthehighestlegislativeauthorityintheUK–theinstitutionresponsibleformakingandrepealing(廢止)alltheUKlaws.It’salsoknownastheLegislature.Function:MakealltheUKlaws;Scruti
