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1、初中英語定語從句講解及練習(xí)初中英語定語從句講解及練習(xí)一.定語從句及相關(guān)術(shù)語1.定語從句：修飾一個名詞或代詞的從句稱為定語從句，一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞后面。2.關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞成為關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；關(guān)系副詞有where,when,why等。關(guān)系詞常有3個作用：1，引導(dǎo)定語從句。2，代替先行詞。3，在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個成分。二.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1.who指人，在從句中做主語(1)theboyswhoareplayi
2、ngfootballarefromclassone.(2)yesterdayihelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指人，在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語，?？墒÷浴?1)mr.liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.(2)mr.lingisjusttheboywhomiwanttosee.注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替，可省略。(3)themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3.which指物
3、，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略(1)footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(2)thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.4.that指人時，相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時，相當(dāng)于which。在賓語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略。(5)thenumberofthepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.(6)whereisthemanthat/whomis
4、awthismorning?5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語(1)hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物時，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替(3)theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(4)theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(5)doyouliketheboo
5、kwhosecoverisyellow?(6)doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?三.介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做介詞賓語時，從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)(1)theschool(that/which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.(2)theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.(3)tomorrowiwillbringhereamagazine(that/which)youaskedf
6、or.(4)tomorrowiwillbringhereamagazineforwhichyouasked.(5)we'llgotohearthefamoussinger(whom/that/who)wehaveoftentalkedabout.(6)we'llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.注意：1.含有介詞的動詞短語一般不拆開使用，如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等(1)thisisthewatchwhich/that
7、iamlookingfor.(t)(2)thisisthewatchforwhichiamlooking.(f)112.若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時用whom，不可用who或者that；指物時用which，不能用that；關(guān)系代詞是所有格時用whose(1)themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.(t)(2)themanwho/thatyoutalkedwithismyfriend.(f)(3)theplaneinwhichweflewtocanadaisverycomfortab
8、le.(t)(4)theplaneinthatweflewintocanadaisverycomfortable.(f)3.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代詞或者數(shù)詞(1)helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykind
