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1、摘要當(dāng)今,自動(dòng)化控制系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)在各行各業(yè)得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用和發(fā)展,而直流調(diào)速控制作為電氣傳動(dòng)的主流在現(xiàn)代化生產(chǎn)中起著主要作用。本文主要研究直流調(diào)速系統(tǒng),它主要由三部分組成,包括控制部分、功率部分、直流電動(dòng)機(jī)。長期以來,直流電動(dòng)機(jī)因其具有調(diào)節(jié)轉(zhuǎn)速比較靈活、方法簡(jiǎn)單、易于大范圍內(nèi)平滑調(diào)速、控制性能好等特點(diǎn),一直在傳動(dòng)領(lǐng)域占有統(tǒng)治地位。微機(jī)技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,在控制領(lǐng)域得到廣泛應(yīng)用。本文對(duì)基于微機(jī)控制的雙閉環(huán)可逆直流PWM調(diào)速系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了較深入的研究,從直流調(diào)速系統(tǒng)原理出發(fā),逐步建立了雙閉環(huán)直流PWM調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型,用微機(jī)硬件
2、和軟件發(fā)展的最新成果,探討一個(gè)將微機(jī)和電力拖動(dòng)控制相結(jié)合的新的控制方法,研究工作在對(duì)控制對(duì)象全面回顧的基礎(chǔ)上,重點(diǎn)對(duì)控制部分展開研究,它包括對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)控制所需要的硬件和軟件的探討,控制策略和控制算法的探討等內(nèi)容。在硬件方面充分利用微機(jī)外設(shè)接口豐富,運(yùn)算速度快的特點(diǎn),采取軟件和硬件相結(jié)合的措施,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)速、電流雙閉環(huán)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的控制。論文分析了系統(tǒng)工作原理和提高調(diào)速性能的方法,研究了IGBT模塊應(yīng)用中驅(qū)動(dòng)、吸收、保護(hù)控制等關(guān)鍵技術(shù).在微機(jī)控制方面,討論了數(shù)字觸發(fā)、數(shù)字測(cè)速、數(shù)字PWM調(diào)制器、雙極式H型PWM變換電路、轉(zhuǎn)速與
3、電流控制器的原理,并給出了軟、硬件實(shí)現(xiàn)方案。關(guān)鍵詞:直流可逆調(diào)速,數(shù)字觸發(fā),PWM,數(shù)字控制器43AbstractToday,autocontrolsystemshavebeenwidelyusedanddelelopedineveryWalkoflife,whileDCspeedregulationasthearteryintheareaofelectricdrivesystemsactsthemaineffectinmodernizationproduction.DCspeedregulationismainl
4、ymadeupofcontrolunite,poweruniteandDCmotor.Foralongtime,DCmotorhaspossessedthemainroleintheareaofelectricdrivefieldbecauseofitsneatlyadjust,easymethodandsmoothtiminginwiderage,also,itscontrolperformanceisverygood.Withtherapiddevelopmentofmicrocomputer,itiswide
5、lyusedinthecontrolfield.ThispaperreserchesreversibleDC-PWMtimingsystemwithadual-converteranddual-closed-loop.BeginningwiththetheoryoftheDCtimingsystem,thisarticlehasbuildupthemathsmodelofthereversibleDC-PWMtimingsystemwithadual-converteranddual-closed-loop,dis
6、cussinganewcontrolmethodthatcombinesmicrocomputerwithDC-drive.Basedontheoverallreviewofcontrolobject,theemphasisisputonthepartofcontrolsystem,whichincludesthediscussionofhardwareandsoftware,controlpolicyandalgorithm,etc.Inthehardware,itfullyutilizestheadvantag
7、eofmicrocomputerthatareabundantinterfaceandfastspeedsoastorealizethecontrolofthesystem.ThispaperanalyzestheworkingprinciplesofthesystemandsomekeytechnicalissuesoftheapplicationbasedontheIGBTapparatus,whichincludedrivecircuit,snubbercircuit,protectionandcontrol
8、lingthequantityofheat,andsoon.Intheaspectofmicrocomputercontrol,ithasdiscussedtheprincipleofnumbertouchoff、numbervelocitytesting、current/velocitycontroller、numberPWMmodulatorandpre