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1、基于ADAMS/Car的FSAE賽車動力學(xué)仿真摘要汽車的操縱穩(wěn)定性不僅影響到汽車駕駛的操縱方便程度,而且也是決定高速汽車安全行駛的一個主要性能。當(dāng)今,仿真技術(shù)日益廣泛地應(yīng)用于汽車工程領(lǐng)域,操縱穩(wěn)定性研究越來越多地使用成熟的計算機(jī)仿真理論和高性能仿真軟件進(jìn)行分析研究。同樣,仿真對研發(fā)時間短、研發(fā)資金短缺、設(shè)計目標(biāo)明確的FSAE賽車而言,有著很重要的意義。本文應(yīng)用ADAMS/Car多體動力學(xué)仿真軟件,將FSAE賽車簡化為車身、懸掛、輪胎、轉(zhuǎn)向等子系統(tǒng),在此基礎(chǔ)上實現(xiàn)整車虛擬樣機(jī)的裝配,在整車虛擬樣機(jī)中采用了精確的PAC2002輪胎模型作為輪胎子系統(tǒng)屬性文件,以獲得高精度
2、的整車虛擬樣機(jī)。最后對整車虛擬樣機(jī)仿真精度進(jìn)行了驗證,與實際測試數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對比。此外,本文參照汽車操控穩(wěn)定性實驗國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行仿真,對HRT14賽車進(jìn)行了穩(wěn)態(tài)回轉(zhuǎn)仿真試驗、蛇行仿真試驗、轉(zhuǎn)向盤轉(zhuǎn)角階躍輸入仿真實驗、轉(zhuǎn)向輕便性仿真試驗,制作了ADAMS/Car仿真控制文件。并根據(jù)FSAE賽車特點(diǎn)對仿真參數(shù)做出部分調(diào)整,使仿真具有更高的可信度。運(yùn)用汽車操縱穩(wěn)定性指標(biāo)限值與評價方法對仿真結(jié)果進(jìn)行評價并計分。根據(jù)FSAE賽車特點(diǎn)重新定義評價上下限度,最終得到基于國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并適用FSAE賽車的評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。最后,本文選取了HRT14部分整車參數(shù),改變其數(shù)值,設(shè)計為變型車,并運(yùn)用修改后的
3、仿真評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對HRT14原型車與變型車進(jìn)行仿真分析,得出了質(zhì)心位置、偏頻對整車操控穩(wěn)定性的影響。關(guān)鍵詞:動力學(xué);ADAMS/Car;賽車;FSAE;仿真HandlingStabilitySimulationofaFSAERacingCarBasedonADAMS/CarAbstractHandlingstabilitynotonlyaffecttheeaseofmanipulationofthedriver,butalsodecidehigh-speedsecurityofthevehicle.Today,simulationtechnologyhasbecomem
4、orewidelyusedinautomotiveengineering.Handlingandstabilitystudiesareincreasinglyusingsophisticatedcomputersimulationtheoryandhigh-performancesimulationsoftwareforanalysis.Fortheshortageofthedevelopmenttime,R&DfundingoftheFSAECar,thesimulationhasahugesignificance.Inthispaper,FSAEcarwillb
5、ereducedtobody,suspension,tires,steeringandothersubsystemstorealizevirtualprototypeassembly.Inordertoobtainhighlyaccurateoftheresults,thevirtualvehicleusedaprecisePAC2002tiremodelasthetiresubsystempropertyfile.Finally,thevirtualvehiclesimulationaccuracywasverified,andcompareactualtestd
6、atawithit.Additionally,thisarticlewhichrefertonationalstandardsforautomobilehandlingstabilitysimulationexperimentscarriedoutthesimulationofsteady-statecornering,fishhook,step-steer,steeringagility.MeanwhiletheauthormadetheADAMS/Carsimulationcontrolfiles.Andaccordingtothecharacteristics
7、ofFSAEracingcartomakeadjustmentsofthenationalstandardtoachievehighercredibility.Limittheuseofvehiclehandlingandstabilityindicatorsandevaluationmethodstoevaluatetheresultsofthesimulationandscoring.BasedonthecharacteristicsofFSAEcar,theauthorredefinedtheupperandlowerlimitsoftheevaluati