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1、Chapter9LetterofCredit信用證1.DefinitionofL/CAletterofCreditisthewrittenpromiseofabankthatactsontheinstructionsoftheapplicantandundertakestopaythebeneficiarytheamountofmoneyspecifiedinthecredit.信用證(LetterofCredit,L/C)指開(kāi)證銀行應(yīng)申請(qǐng)人的要求并按其指示向第三方開(kāi)立的載有一定金額的,在一定的期限內(nèi)憑符合規(guī)定的單據(jù)付款的書(shū)面保證文件。信用證是國(guó)際
2、貿(mào)易中最主要、最常用的支付方式。2.PartiesinanL/C(1)TheApplicant(開(kāi)證申請(qǐng)人)Theimporter(buyer)whoappliesfortheletterofcreditiscalledtheapplicantortheopener.(2)TheIssuingBank(開(kāi)證行)Thebankthatissuesthecreditiscalledtheissuingbank(OpeningBank/EstablishingBank)(3)TheAdvisingBank(通知行)Theadvisingbankrefer
3、stothecorrespondentbankattheseller’scountrywhoadvisestheL/Ctothebeneficiary.(4)TheConfirmingBank(保兌行)Thebankthataddsitsconfirmationtothecreditiscalledtheconfirmingbank.(5)TheNegotiatingBank(議付行)Thebank,eithernominatedbytheopeningbankoratitsownchoice,buystheexporter’sdraftiscal
4、ledanegotiatingbank.(6)TheBeneficiary(受益人)Theexporterinwhosefavorthecreditisopenediscalledthebeneficiary.3.TheContentsofanL/CGeneralStatementsCreditNumber,dateofissue,dateandplaceofnegotiation(2)TypesofL/Cirrevocable,transferable,confirmed…(3)PartiestoanL/C(4)DraftClausesTheDr
5、awee,thetenor,otherclause(5)DescriptionofCommoditiesName,specifications,quantityquality,packing,price,etc.(6)CurrencyandAmount(7)TermsofshipmentandinsurancePortofloading,portofdischarge;latestshipmentdate;insurance(8)DocumentsrequiredCommercialinvoice;B/L;packinglist,certifica
6、teoforigin4.CategoriesofLetterofCredit(1)DocumentaryCreditandCleanCredit(跟單信用證與光票信用證)DocumentaryCreditmeansthatpaymentareeffectedagainstdraftsandshippingdocuments.CleanCreditmeanstheopeningbankeffectspaymentonlyagainstthedraftandwithoutanyshippingdocumentsattached.(2)Revocable
7、andirrevocableL/C(可撤銷與不可撤銷信用證)RevocableL/CmeansthattheL/Ccanbeamendedorcancelledbytheissuingbankatanymomentandwithoutpriornoticetothebeneficiary.IrrevocableL/CmeansthatoncetheL/Cisopened,itcannotbecancelledoramendedwithoutagreementoftherelevantparties.(3)ConfirmedandUnconfirme
8、dL/C(保兌與不保兌信用證)Ifacreditisconfirmedbyabank,itisaconfirmedcred