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1、庫欣綜合征腎上腺皮質(zhì)球狀帶---鹽皮質(zhì)激素(醛固酮)束狀帶---糖皮質(zhì)激素網(wǎng)狀帶---性激素腎上腺髓質(zhì)兒茶酚胺髓質(zhì)素腎上腺分泌的激素腎上腺疾病皮質(zhì)功能亢進功能減退先天性腎上腺皮質(zhì)增生腎上腺意外瘤髓質(zhì)嗜鉻細胞瘤腎上腺髓質(zhì)增生神經(jīng)母細胞瘤及神經(jīng)節(jié)細胞瘤糖代謝脂肪代謝蛋白質(zhì)代謝水和電解質(zhì)平衡心血管系統(tǒng)胃腸道系統(tǒng)中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)鈣磷和骨代謝免疫和炎癥反應(yīng)應(yīng)激反應(yīng)內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)血液系統(tǒng)糖皮質(zhì)激素的生理作用庫欣綜合征Cushing’ssyndrome皮質(zhì)醇增多癥1932年HarveyCushing首先報道分類ACTHdependent84%1
2、.Pituitary(Cushing'sdisease)79%2.Ectopic14%3.ACTHuncertainsource6%4.Adrenalnodularhyperplasia1%(partiallyACTHdependent)5.EctopicCRHorrelatedpeptidesrareNon-ACTHdependent16%1.Adrenaladenoma58%2.Adrenalcarcinoma42%3.non-ACTHdependentmicronodularhyperplasiaordysplasi
3、aIatrogenic1.Glucocorticoidtherapy2.ACTHtherapyPseudo-Cushing's1.Alcohol2.DepressionSiteofsecretionFemaleMaleBronchialcarcinoidtumor112Smallcelllungcarcinoma15Medullarythyroidcarcinoma3Pancreaticcarcinoidtumor12Thymiccarcinoidtumor1Disseminatedcarcinoidtumor1Mesot
4、helioma1Pancreaticcarcinoma1Coloniccarcinoma1Phaechromocytoma1Gallbladdercarcinoma1Total1616EtiologyoftheectopicACTHsyndromeinpatientsseenatSt.Bartholomew'sHospital1969-2001一、皮質(zhì)醇過多引起的表現(xiàn)1、脂肪代謝紊亂和脂肪重新分布2、蛋白分解加速,合成減少3、葡萄糖利用減少,糖原異生作用增加4、電解質(zhì)紊亂5、GH分泌減少,作用受抑制6、性腺功能受抑制7、精
5、神異常8、抵抗力下降二、其他激素分泌過多的臨床表現(xiàn)1、雄激素過多2、鹽皮質(zhì)激素過多3、ACTH過多三、腫瘤本身引起的臨床表現(xiàn)1、腹塊2、蝶鞍擴大3、異源性ACTH綜合癥引起的局部癥狀(肺癌、支氣管類癌、胸腺癌等)臨床表現(xiàn)SymptomsSignsWeightgainTruncalobesityMenstrualirregularityPlethoraHirsuitisminwomen'Moon'faceHeadacheHypertensionThirstBruisingBackpainStriaeMuscleweaknes
6、sBuffalohumpAbdominalpainAcneLethargy/depressionOsteoporosis皮質(zhì)醇增多的臨床表現(xiàn)庫欣綜合癥的主要臨床表現(xiàn)滿月臉(90%)向心性肥胖(85%)糖耐量異常(85%)高血壓(80%)性功能紊亂(75%)骨質(zhì)疏松(65%)紫紋(60%)四肢無力(65%)多毛(70%)水腫(55%)水牛背(55%)痤瘡(55%)精神異常(45%)ThefeaturesoftheectopicACTHsyndromeShorthistoryWeightlossSeveremyopathyPi
7、gmentationHypokalemicalkalosisVeryhighplasmaACTHOvertneoplasm,usuallysmallcelllungcarcinoma輔助檢查一、激素測定皮質(zhì)醇及其周期ACTH及其周期尿/唾液游離皮質(zhì)醇測定二、動態(tài)試驗1、抑制試驗a.午夜地塞米松抑制試驗b.小劑量地塞米松抑制試驗c.大劑量地塞米松抑制試驗d.metyraponetest查17-OH和plasmadeoxycortisol2、興奮試驗a.CRHtestb.ACTHtestc.hypoglycemiatest三、
8、影像學(xué)檢查1、pituitaryimaging2、meta-iodobenylquanidinescanning3、simultaneousbilateralinferiorpetrosalsinussampling診斷步驟明確高皮質(zhì)醇血癥血皮質(zhì)醇;24h尿游離皮質(zhì)醇;小劑量地塞米松抑制試驗;胰島素低血