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1、www.med126.com兒科學(xué)PEDIATRICS緒論Introduction第一章PURPOSE理解兒科學(xué)的特點(diǎn)(Tounderstandthepediatricfeatures)掌握兒童年齡分期及各期特征(Tomastertheagestageandfeaturesinchild)PEDIATRICS目的研究?jī)和L(zhǎng)發(fā)育規(guī)律(Tostudyregularruleofgrowth&development)改善兒童健康水平(Toimprovehealthlevel)提高兒童疾病的預(yù)防和治療質(zhì)量(Toimprov
2、equalityofprevention&treatment)PEDIATRICS定義allhealthproblemsinchildren預(yù)防兒科學(xué)PreventivePediatrics發(fā)育兒科學(xué)DevelopmentalPediatrics臨床兒科學(xué)ClinicalPediatricsPEDIATRICS范圍www.med126.com兒科學(xué)的范圍和任務(wù)www.med126.comFeaturesofObjects與成人不同differentfromadult連續(xù)的生長(zhǎng)和發(fā)育Continuousgrowth&
3、developmentPEDIATRICS研究對(duì)象特點(diǎn)BasicMedicalFeatures解剖Anatomy機(jī)能Functions病理Pathology免疫Immunology心理psychologyPEDIATRICS基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)特點(diǎn)ClinicalMedicalFeatures疾病種類Categoryofdisease臨床表現(xiàn)ClinicalManifestation診斷Diagnosis治療Treatment預(yù)后Prognosis預(yù)防Preventionwww.med126.comPEDIATRICS臨床醫(yī)學(xué)
4、特點(diǎn)小兒年齡分期胎兒期FetalPeriodfromfertilizedovumtodelivery(about40weeks)Featureeasyabortionormalformationformedbyanyriskfactor年齡分期新生兒期NeonatalPeriodfromumbilicalligationto28thdayFeaturesBeginninglivingindependentlyLacktheabilityofphysiologicalregulationandtoadapttocir
5、cumstancesMorbidity&mortalityareveryhigh年齡分期嬰兒期Infancyfromdeliveryto1yearoldFeaturesrapidgrowthperiodfastestbraingrowthnutrition&energyrequirementsaremoredigestive&absorbingfunctionsarepoorpassiveimmunitygraduallydiminishes年齡分期幼兒期ToddlerAgefrom1to3yearsoldFeat
6、uresgrowthbecomesslowermoreactivityandmorecontactwiththeouterworldintelligencedevelopmentbecomesfasterpoorabilitytoidentifydanger年齡分期學(xué)齡前期PreschoolAgefrom3yearsoldto6-7yearsoldFeaturesgrowthbecomesslower,intelligencedevelopmentbecomesmorematurestrongdesireofkno
7、wledge,imitationofadult’sbehaviorpoorabilitytoidentifydanger年齡分期學(xué)齡期SchoolAgefrom6-7yearsoldtoadolescenceFeaturegrowthbecomessteadierintelligencedevelopmentbecomesmorematureincreasingdesireofknowledgedecreasingincidenceofdiseases年齡分期青春期Adolescencefromtheappeara
8、nceof2ndsexualcharactertogenitalitymaturityandgrowthcompletiongirl11-12yrs--17-18yrsBoy13-14yrs--18-20yrsFeaturegrowth&developmentbecomethefastestneuroendocrineregulationisunsteady
