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1、LEADAHORSETOWATERANDHELPITDRINKEffectiveMotivationalStrategiesandEnglishLearningEfficiencyChapter1IntroductionSincethe1970'sWesternappliedlinguistsandpsychologistshavebeguntopaymoreattentiontothestudyofindividualdifferences.TheirresearchinterestinEFLhasshifted
2、fromteachers'teachingtostudents'learningandanincreasingnumberofstudieshavebeenundertakenfromthestudents'perspective.Thefactorsconcerningindividualdifferencesgenerallycontainage,sex,languageaptitude,cognitivestyle,personality,learningstrategies,motivationandatt
3、itude.Amongwhichmotivationisoneofthemostheatedtopics.Moststudiesreportahighcorrelationbetweenmotivationandachievement,andthiscorrelationistakenasevidencethatahighlymotivatedstudentwilldowellinschool.Itisacceptedformostfieldsoflearningthatmotivationisessentialt
4、osuccessandthat."Unmotivatedstudentsjustwon'tlearnandthatawellmotivatedstudentbadlytaughtwillprobablydobetterthanapoorly-motivatedstudentwell-taught."Motivationdeterminesthestudent'slevelofattentionduringclass,andassiduitywithwhichhedoeshishomeworkandreviseswh
5、athehadbeentaughtduringtheday.Itcertainlyhasadeepinfluenceontheeffectivenessoflearning."(Cunningsworth.2000).AsS.P.Corder2000)putit,givenmotivation,oneisinevitabletolearnalanguageifheisexposedto105theL2data.Motivation,definedastheimpetustocreateandsustaininten
6、tionsandgoal-seekingacts(Ames&Ames,1989),isimportantbecauseitdeterminestheextentofthelearner'sactiveinvolvementandattitudetowardlearning.Anyhowmotivationplaysimportantrolesinlearning.Thusallstandardbooksoneducationalpsychologyhavechaptersonmotivationanditseffe
7、ctonthelearningprocess.ThenationalstandardsforEnglishinschoolshasalsolistedlearningmotivationasoneoftheimportantfactorsattachedtoaffectivegoals.105Chapter2LiteratureReview2.1DefinitionofMotivationVirtuallyeveryoneassociatedwitheducationagreesthatmotivationisim
8、portantbutitisdifficulttofindacleardefinitionoftheconcept.Motivation,atitsmostbasiclevel,issomekindofinternaldrivewhichpushessomeonetodothingsinordertoachievesomething,psychologist
