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1、abriefhistoryofno_10downingstreet英國(guó)唐令街10號(hào)ThefirstdomestichouseknowntohavebeenbuiltonthesiteofNumber10wasalargedwellingleasedtoSirThomasKnyvet,aParliamentarianandJusticeofthePeace.ItwasKnyvetwhoarrestedGuyFawkesfortheGunpowderPlotof1605.Afterhisdeaththehousepassedtohisniece,Mrs
2、.Hampden,theauntofOliverCromwell.Thefrontpartofthehouseweseetoday,andtheadjoininghouseatNumberEleven,werebuiltbyaHarvardgraduateandpropertyspeculatorcalledGeorgeDowning.HeacquiredrightstothesiteduringthebriefperiodofParliamentaryruleinthe17thCentury.Aportraitoftheman,whowaswid
3、elyregardedasaprofiteeringrogue,nowhangsintheEntranceHall.Theveryordinaryaddressandthemodestterracedfacearedeceptive,givinglittlecluetotherealsizeandgrandeurwithin.NumberTeninfactconsistsoftwohouses.ThehousewhichfacesDowningStreetisatypicallate17thcenturytownhouse.Butitconceal
4、sacomplicatedbuildingwhichwasrefrontedinthe18thCandenlargedinthe20thC.Acorridorjoinsthishousetowhatwasonceamansioninitsownright,withawalledgardenandaviewacrossHorseGuards'Parade.Thetwohouseswerejoinedin1732whenthepropertybecameanofficialgovernmentresidence.SirRobertWalpolemove
5、dinin1735,replacingthelasttenant,MrChicken.AtthetimeWalpolewasFirstLordoftheTreasuryandwasinformallyseenasthefirstBritishPrimeMinister.WalpolesecuredthepropertyasaresidenceforallfutureFirstLordsoftheTreasury.TodaythePrimeMinisterstillresidesatDowningStreetbyrightasFirstLordoft
6、heTreasury,andaccordinglyhistitleadrornstheletter-boxonthefamousblackfrontdoor.Thehousehasseenmuchrestoration,alterationandtinkeringovertheyears.Ithaschangedtoaccommodatenewfunctionsforthebuilding,thefashionsofthetimes,thetastesofitsoccupantsandsometimesevenurgentneedtoshoreup
7、theverystructureofthehouseitself.PrimeMinistershaveoverseengreatchangesbothwithinandwithoutthehouse.Thishasgiventhehouseadifferentatmospherealmosteverygeneration.ViscountGoderichorderedthecreationofalargediningroomatNo.10inthe1820s.ThehousesontheSouthsideofthestreetwerepulledd
8、owninthe1860stobereplacedbythegreatbuildingsofstatewhichnowov
