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1、附錄A：英文原文Role-BasedAccessControlfortheWebJohnF.Barkley,D.RichardKuhn,LynneS.Rosenthal,MarkW.Skall,andAnthonyV.Cincotta,NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnologyGaithersburg,Maryland20899ABSTRACTEstablishingandmaintainingapresenceontheWorldWideWeb(Web),onceasidelineforU.S.industry,hasbecomeak
2、eystrategicaspectofmarketingandsales.ManycompanieshavedemonstratedthatawelldesignedWebsitecanhaveapositiveeffectontheirprofitability.EnablingcustomerstoanswertheirownquestionsbyclickingtheirwaythroughWebpages,insteadofdealingwithoperatorsandvoiceresponsesystems,increasestheefficiencyofthecu
3、stomerinterface.Oneofthemostchallengingproblemsinmanaginglargenetworkedsystemsisthecomplexityofsecurityadministration.ThisisparticularlytruefororganizationsthatareattemptingtomanagesecurityindistributedmultimediaenvironmentssuchasthoseusingWorldWideWebservices.Today,securityadministrationis
4、costlyandpronetoerrorbecauseadministratorsusuallyspecifyaccesscontrollistsforeachuseronthesystemindividually.Role-basedaccesscontrol(RBAC)isatechnologythatisattractingincreasingattention,particularlyforcommercialapplications,becauseofitspotentialforreducingthecomplexityandcostofsecurityadmi
5、nistrationinlargenetworkedapplications.TheconceptanddesignofRBACisperfectlysuitedforuseonbothintranetsandinternets.Itprovidesasecureandeffectivewaytomanageaccesstoanorganization’sWebinformation.ThispaperdescribesaresearchefforttodevelopRBAContheWeb.Thesecurityandsoftwarecomponentsthatprovid
6、eRBACfornetworkedserversusingWebprotocolshavebeenimplementedandaredescribedinthispaper.TheRBACcomponentscanbelinkedwithcommerciallyavailablewebservers,andrequirenomodificationoftheserversoftware.IntroductionEstablishingandmaintainingapresenceontheWorldWideWeb(Web),onceasidelineforU.S.indust
7、ry,hasbecomeakeystrategicaspectofmarketingandsales.Manycompanieshavedemonstratedthatawell-designedWebsitecanhaveapositiveeffectontheirprofitability.EnablingcustomerstoanswertheirownquestionsbyclickingtheirwaythroughWebpages,insteadofdealingwithoperatorsa
