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1、摘要論文題目:基于雙目立體視覺(jué)的工件識(shí)別定位與抓取系統(tǒng)研究摘要隨著機(jī)器視覺(jué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,立體視覺(jué)尤其是雙目立體視覺(jué)被廣泛應(yīng)用于物體識(shí)別、虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)、工業(yè)檢測(cè)、機(jī)器人導(dǎo)航和航空航天等領(lǐng)域。雙目立體視覺(jué)技術(shù)可在多種條件下靈活的獲得景物的立體信息,相對(duì)單目視覺(jué)而言有著不可比擬的優(yōu)勢(shì),是圖像處理與機(jī)器視覺(jué)領(lǐng)域的前沿研究方向。本文采用雙目立體視覺(jué)系統(tǒng)對(duì)目標(biāo)工件識(shí)別定位和機(jī)器人抓取試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了研究,主要涉及攝像機(jī)的標(biāo)定、目標(biāo)工件的識(shí)別定位匹配和機(jī)器人對(duì)目標(biāo)工件的抓取三大部分內(nèi)容。另外,對(duì)目標(biāo)跟蹤進(jìn)行了初步地研究與試驗(yàn)。1)采用基于透視
2、變換模型的線性標(biāo)定方法,在MATLAB軟件環(huán)境中,利用雙目立體視覺(jué)系統(tǒng)對(duì)攝像機(jī)進(jìn)行標(biāo)定。該標(biāo)定方法過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)便,精度基本滿足要求。2)利用HALCON編程環(huán)境,對(duì)目標(biāo)工件的圖像進(jìn)行識(shí)別匹配,并通過(guò)提取邊緣特殊點(diǎn)和幾何中心,完成工件的定位。該方法在采集圖像時(shí)可以對(duì)圖像進(jìn)行預(yù)處理,計(jì)算速度快,使用靈活。3)將工件圖像的定位結(jié)果傳到機(jī)器人的控制系統(tǒng)中,通過(guò)運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)反解將計(jì)算出的世界坐標(biāo)值轉(zhuǎn)化成機(jī)器人各關(guān)節(jié)需要轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)的角度值,然后驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)器人,完成工件的抓取。通過(guò)工件識(shí)別定位和機(jī)器人抓取試驗(yàn),證明該方法計(jì)算過(guò)程簡(jiǎn)單,具有較高的控制精度
3、,使用方便,能滿足要求。關(guān)鍵詞:雙目視覺(jué);標(biāo)定;HALCON;識(shí)別;定位IABSTRACTTITLE:THERESEARCHONLOCATIONANDRECOGNITIONSYSTEMOFWORKPIECEBASEDONBINOCULARSTEREOVISIONANDGRABBINGSYSTEM*SupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(No.10872160);KeyLaboratoryProjectofMechanicalManufacturing
4、EquipmentofShaanxiProvince(No.05JS29)Major:MachineryElectronicEngineeringName:JingqiangWeiSignature:Supervisor:Prof.WeipingFUSignature:AbstractWiththedevelopmentofcomputervisiontechnology,thestereovision,particularlythebinocularstereovisioniswidelyusedinobjectr
5、ecognition,virtualreality,industrialinspection,robotnavigationandaerospaceandotherfields.Thebinocularvisioncanflexiblyobtainthree-dimensionalinformationofobjectsinvariousconditions.Ithasunparalleledadvantagescomparedwiththemonocularvision,anditistheforefrontoft
6、heresearchdirectionsofimageprocessingandmachinevisionfield.Inthispaper,usingthebinocularstereovisionsystemtostudytherecognition-positioningoftargetworkpieceandgrabbingrobot,itmainlyrelatestothethreecontentsofcameracalibration,recognition,loactionandmatchingofth
7、etargetworkpieceandtheworkpiecemanipulatorgrabbing.Inaddition,italsoresolvespreliminarystudyandexperimentalontargettracking.1)UseingthelinearcalibrationmethodbasedonaperspectivetransformationmodeltocalibratethebinocularstereovisionsystemintheMATLABsoftware.This
8、methodissimple,anditsprecisioncanrelativelymeettherequest.2)RecognitionandmatchingtheimagesoftargetworkpieceintheprogrammingenvironmentofHALCON,andextractionoftheedgeofthesp