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1、上海高考英語(yǔ)新題型之概要寫(xiě)作澄衷高級(jí)中學(xué)孫吉從2017年起,上海英語(yǔ)高考試卷的題型將面臨許多調(diào)整,其中之一便是增加了概要寫(xiě)作(Summarywriting),也有許多人將之稱為“小作文”。概要寫(xiě)作分值占據(jù)15分,考查的是考生閱讀和寫(xiě)作的綜合能力。概要寫(xiě)作所給定的語(yǔ)篇一般在200-250字,內(nèi)容豐富多樣,包含故事、時(shí)政、科普等,體裁以記敘文、說(shuō)明文為主,字?jǐn)?shù)一般要求在50-60字,答案盡量符合“Keypointsofasummary”的要求。一.正確認(rèn)識(shí)概要寫(xiě)作1.Definitionofsummarywriting(概要寫(xiě)
2、作的定義)Bysummary,wemeanabriefrestatement,inyourownwords,ofthecontentofapassage,anarticle,achapterorabook.2.Keypointsofasummary(概要寫(xiě)作的要點(diǎn))Conciseness(簡(jiǎn)要性):Omitunnecessarydetailslikeexamples,explanationsandotherunimportantinformation.Length:1/4-1/3oftheoriginaltext.Comp
3、leteness(完整性):Toincludeallthemainandsupportingpointsdeliveredinyouownwordsinacondensedmanner.Accuracy(準(zhǔn)確性):Togivethesameattentionandstresstothepointsastheauthordoes.Coherence(連貫性):Ratherthananoutlinelistedaskeywordsandphrases,asummaryisaparagraphwithnecessarytrans
4、itionsandfunctionstructurestomakeitflow.Objectivity(客觀性):Donotincludeyourownideasoremotionsonthetopic.Thesummaryshouldreflectthecontentoftheoriginalpassageonly.3.Stepstowriteasummary(概要寫(xiě)作的步驟)1)Skimthetexttofindoutthegeneraltheme.2)Analyzethetext’sstructuretodivide
5、itintoseveralsections,findoutthemainideaofeachsectionandwriteitoutbrieflywithyourownwords.(onesentence)3)Writedownthekeysupportingpointsforeachmainideawithoutinvolvingminordetails.4)Organizethemainandrelatedsupportingpointsinalogicalorderwithnecessarytransitionsto
6、achievecoherence.5)Proofreadforgrammatical,spellingandpunctuationmistakes.4.Beginningofasummary(概要寫(xiě)作的開(kāi)頭)Beginyoursummarywith:*Theauthor’sname*Thearticle’sorchapter’sname*Theauthor’sthesisstatement—ageneraloverview(survey)ofthearticle.TheBody:Firstofall,theauthorde
7、scribes……Hethenpointsoutthat……Inaddition,theauthortalksabout……Finally,theauthorsuggests……Someotherintroductoryphrases:*(Theauthor)statesin(thisarticle)that…*(Theauthor),in(thisarticle)showsthat…*In(thisarticle),(theauthor)writesthat…*As(theauthor)saysin(thisarticl
8、e),…*Themainideaof(theauthor’sarticle)is…*Theauthorbelieves(holds;maintains;claims;argues;pointsout;suggests;proposes)that+clause…*Theauthortalksabout(e