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1、TheAmplificationofUltra- shortLaserPulsesFrancoisSalinCenterforIntenseLasersandApplications(CELIA)UniversitéBordeauxI,Francewww.celia.u-bordeaux.frsalin@celia.u-bordeaux..frGillesDarpentigny(CELIA),VincentBagnoud(LLE)AntoineCourjaud,ClemensHonninger,EricMottay(AmplitudeSystemes),LucVigroux(Amplitude
2、Technologies)andsomeadditionalstufffromDanMittleman,RicePulsecompressorttSolidstateamplifiertDispersivedelaylinetShortpulseoscillatorMost ofthislecturecourtesyofPulseenergyvs.RepetitionrateReprate(pps)Pulseenergy(J)10910610310010-310-910-610010-3OscillatorCavity-dumpedoscillatorRegARegenRegen+multip
3、assRegen+multi-multi-pass1WaveragepowerA?tWhatarethegoalsinultrashortpulseamplification?Ipeak=EIncreasetheenergy(E),Decreasetheduration(?t),Decreasetheareaofthefocus(A).MaximumintensityontargetNeededtostarttheexperimentNeededtogetusefulresultsPave=ErSignalisproportionaltothenumberofphotonsonthedetec
4、torperintegrationtime.MaximumaveragepoweratthedetectorPulseenergyRepratePulseenergyBeamareaPulselengthIssuesinUltrafastAmplificationandTheirSolutionsPulselengthdiscrepancies:Multi-passamplifiers andregenerativeamplifiers(“Regens”).Damage:Chirped-PulseAmplification(CPA)Gainsaturation:Frantz-NodvickEq
5、uationGainnarrowing:BirefringentfiltersThermaleffects:coldandwavefrontcorrectionSatellitepulses,Contrast,andAmplifiedSpontaneousEmission:Pockels’cellsSystemscostlotsofmoney:Earnmoremoney…Pockelscellpolarizergainpumpinput/outputCavityDumpingBeforeweconsideramplification,recallthattheintracavitypulsee
6、nergyis~50timestheoutputpulseenergy.Sowehavemorepulseenergy.Howcanwegetatit?Whatifweinsteadusedtwohighreflectors,letthepulseenergybuildup,andthenswitchoutthepulse?ThisistheoppositeofQ-switching:itinvolvesswitchingfromminimumtomaximumloss,andit’scalled“CavityDumping.”E=ToutputEintracavityTransmission
7、ofoutputcoupler:~2%R=100%R=98%EintracavityECavitydumping:thePockelscellAPockelscellisadevicethatcanswitchapulse(inand)outofaresonator.It’susedinQ-switchesandcavitydumpers.Avoltage(afewkV)canturnacryst
