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1、作物學報ACTAAGRONOMICASINICA2010,36(5):818?825http://www.chinacrops.org/zwxb/ISSN0496-3490;CODENTSHPA9E-mail:xbzw@chinajournal.net.cnDOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2010.00818不同基因型玉米籽粒類胡蘿卜素與花色苷色素積累規(guī)律崔麗娜高榮岐孫愛清董樹亭*張華永山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學農(nóng)學院/作物生物學國家重點實驗室,山東泰安271018摘要:以黃色(特爆2號)、紅色(西星赤糯1號)、紫色(紫糯香)和黑色(西星黑糯1號)4種
2、顏色的玉米為材料,通過徒手切片以及分光光度法,研究了玉米籽粒色素的組成、分布和積累規(guī)律。結(jié)果顯示,西星赤糯1號玉米籽粒色素主要由花色苷和類胡蘿卜素構(gòu)成,花色苷主要存在于果種皮中,類胡蘿卜素主要存在于胚與胚乳中;特爆2號玉米籽粒色素主要由類胡蘿卜素構(gòu)成,分布于胚與胚乳中;紫糯香及西星黑糯1號玉米籽粒色素主要由花色苷構(gòu)成,主要存在于糊粉層中。除西星赤糯1號的花色苷積累首先出現(xiàn)于胚上方的花柱遺跡附近外,其余品種色素均首先在籽粒頂端出現(xiàn),隨后向四周延伸。玉米籽粒色素(除紫糯香)吸收峰隨時間的變化先升高后降低。灌漿前期玉米果穗色素含量上部>中部>下部,到灌漿后
3、期,中部色素含量大于其他兩部分色素含量。關(guān)鍵詞:玉米;花色苷;類胡蘿卜素;基因型RegularityofCarotenoidsandAnthocyaninsAccumulationinVariousGeno-
typesofMaizeKernelCUILi-Na,GAORong-Qi,SUNAi-Qing,DONGShu-Ting*,andZHANGHua-YongAgronomyCollegeofShandongAgriculturalUniversity/StateKeyLaboratoryofCropBiology,Tai’an271018,C
4、hinaAbstract:Colourfulmaize(ZeamaysL.)kernelcontainsahugeamountofpigmentssuchascarotenoidsandanthocyanins,which
isthemainoriginofnaturalpigments.Manystudiesfocusedontheextractionmethodandpigmentscharacteristics,buttheaccu-
mulationregulationsofmaizepigmentshavenotbeenclearyet.F
5、ourmaizevarietieswithdifferentcolourssuchasZinuoxiang
(purple),Xixingchinuo1(red),Xixingheinuo1(black),andTebao2(yellow)wereusedtostudythecomposition,distributionand
accumulationregularityofmaizepigmentsbybare-handedsectionsandspectrophotometry.Theresultsshowedthatthepigments
o
6、fXixingchinuo1consistedofcarotenoidsandanthocyanins.Theanthocyaninsmainlyexistedinseedcapsule,whichappeared
firstlyatthetopofembryonearbythestylevestige,andthenextendedaround.Thedorsumofmaizekernelscontainedhigher
anthocyaninscontentsthantheabdomen.Thecarotenoidsmainlyexistedin
7、embryoandendosperm,whichfirstappearedatthe
topofkernels,andthenextendedaroundwiththetime.CarotenoidswerethepredominantpigmentsinTebao2,andtheirdistribu-
tionandaccumulationregularitieswereconsistentwiththoseinXixingchinuo1.ThepigmentsofZinuoxiangandXixingheinuo1
weremainlyantho
8、cyanins,whichpredominantlyexistedinaleuronelayerofmaiz
