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1、實(shí)現(xiàn)DES加解密算法實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告一、DES加解密算法問題簡介DES算法全稱為DataEncryptionStandard,即數(shù)據(jù)加密算法,它是IBM公司于1975年研究成功并公開發(fā)的。DES算法的入口參數(shù)有三個(gè):Key、Data、Mode其中Key為8個(gè)字節(jié)共64位,是DES算法的工作密鑰;Data也為8個(gè)字節(jié)64位,是要被加密或被解密的數(shù)據(jù):Mode為DES的工作方式,有兩種:加密或解密。二、DES加解密算法設(shè)計(jì)方法簡介DES算法把64位的明文輸入塊變?yōu)?4位的密文輸出塊,它所使用的密鑰也是64位,其功能是把輸入的64位數(shù)據(jù)塊
2、按位重新組合,并把輸出分為L0、R0兩部分,每部分各長32位,其置換規(guī)則見下表:58,50,12,34,26,18,10,2,60,52,44,36,28,20,12,4,62,54,46,38,30,22,14,6,64,56,48,40,32,24,16,8,57,49,41,33,25,17,9,1,59,51,43,35,27,19,11,3,61,53,45,37,29,21,13,5,63,55,47,39,31,23,15,7,即將輸入的第58位換到第一位,第50位換到第2位,……,依此類推,最后一位是原來的第
3、7位。LO、R0則是換位輸出后的兩部分,LO是輸出的左32位,R0是右32位,例:設(shè)置換前的輸入值為D1D2D3……D64,則經(jīng)過初始置換后的結(jié)果為:L0=D550……D8;R0=D57D49...D7。經(jīng)過26次迭代運(yùn)算后,得到L16、R16,將此作為輸入,進(jìn)行逆置換,即得到密文輸出。逆置換正好是初始置的逆運(yùn)算,例如,第1位經(jīng)過初始置換后,處于第40位,而通過逆置換,又將第40位換回到第1位,其逆置換規(guī)則如下表所示:40,8,48,16,56,24,64,32,39,7,47,15,55,23,63,31,38,6,46,
4、14,54,22,62,30,37,5,45,13,53,21,61,29,36,4,44,12,52,20,60,28,35,3,43,11,51,19,59,27,34,2,42,10,50,18,5826,33,1,41,9,49,17,57,25,放大換位表32,1,2,3,4,5,4,5,6,7,8,9,8,9,10,11,12,13,12,13,14,15,16,17,16,17,18,19,20,21,20,21,22,23,24,25,24,25,26,27,28,29,28,29,30,31,32,1,單純
5、換位表16,7,20,21,29,12,28,17,1,15,23,26,5,18,31,10,2,8,24,14,32,27,3,9,19,13,30,6,22,11,4,25,在f(Ri,Ki)算法描述圖中,S1,S2...S8為選擇函數(shù),其功能是把6bit數(shù)據(jù)變?yōu)?bit數(shù)據(jù)。下面給出選擇函數(shù)Si(i=1,2......8)的功能表:選擇函數(shù)SiS1:14,4,13,1,2,15,11,8,3,10,6,12,5,9,0,7,0,15,7,4,14,2,13,1,10,6,12,11,9,5,3,8,4,1,14,8,
6、13,6,2,11,15,12,9,7,3,10,5,0,15,12,8,2,4,9,1,7,5,11,3,14,10,0,6,13,S2:15,1,8,14,6,11,3,4,9,7,2,13,12,0,5,10,3,13,4,7,15,2,8,14,12,0,1,10,6,9,11,5,0,14,7,11,10,4,13,1,5,8,12,6,9,3,2,15,13,8,10,1,3,15,4,2,11,6,7,12,0,5,14,9,S3:10,0,9,14,6,3,15,5,1,13,12,7,11,4,2,8,13
7、,7,0,9,3,4,6,10,2,8,5,14,12,11,15,1,13,6,4,9,8,15,3,0,11,1,2,12,5,10,14,7,1,10,13,0,6,9,8,7,4,15,14,3,11,5,2,12,S4:7,13,14,3,0,6,9,10,1,2,8,5,11,12,4,15,13,8,11,5,6,15,0,3,4,7,2,12,1,10,14,9,10,6,9,0,12,11,7,13,15,1,3,14,5,2,8,4,3,15,0,6,10,1,13,8,9,4,5,11,12,7,2,1
8、4,S5:2,12,4,1,7,10,11,6,8,5,3,15,13,0,14,9,14,11,2,12,4,7,13,1,5,0,15,10,3,9,8,6,4,2,1,11,10,13,7,8,15,9,12,5,6,3,0,14,11,8,12,7,1,14,2,13,6,15,0