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1、ConfuciusConfuciusnamedQiustyledZhongni,agreatthinkerandeducatorinthelateSpringandAutumnPeriod,andthefounderofConfucianism.Confuciusinstructedmorethan3000disciplesandsomewerefrompoorfamilies.Confuciusgraduallychangedthetraditionthatonlynobilitieshadth
2、erighttoreceiveeducation.Inhislateryears,Confuciuscompiledmanyliteraryworksofancienttimes,includingTheBookofSongs,TheBookofDocuments,andTheBooksofChanges.HissayingandbehaviorswerecompiledinTheAnalectsofConfuciusbyhisdisciples.Hisideologyhasbeenabsorbe
3、dandcarriedcomposingtheessentialpartofChinesetraditionalideology.ItwasalsospreadintotheborderregionsandareasbuildingupacircleofConfucianism.UNESCOlabeledhimoneofthe“TenCultureCelebrities”.孔子孔子名丘字仲尼，春秋末期偉大的思想家和教育家，儒家學(xué)派創(chuàng)史人?？鬃右还步淌诹巳Ф鄠€(gè)學(xué)生，其中不乏貧困家庭的孩子，改變了只
4、有貴族子女才有資格上學(xué)的傳統(tǒng)。孔子晚年還編訂上古書(shū)籍，《詩(shī)經(jīng)》《尚書(shū)》《周易》等。孔子的言行被他的弟子們收集在《論語(yǔ)》中，他的思想也被后人吸收和發(fā)揚(yáng)光大，成為中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)思想最主要的組成部分，并逐漸傳播到周邊國(guó)家，形成了影響范圍很廣的儒家文化圈。聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織曾將孔子列入世界十大文化名人之一。BeijingOperaBeijingOperaisthemostpopularandinfluentialoperainChinawithahistoryofalmost200years.Indevelopm
5、entBeijingOperahasformedanumberoffictitiousprops.Forinstanceapedalmeansaboat.Withoutanyphysicalpropsinvolved,anactormayperformgoingupstairsordownstairsopeningorclosingadoorbymeregestures.Thoughexaggeratedthoseactionswouldgiveaudienceanimpressionwithgr
6、acefulmovements.Therearefourmainrolesshengdanjingandchou.Ashengordanhastheeyebrowspaintedandeyescircled.Ajingandchouhavetheirfacialmakeup,forexample,aredfacedepictstheloyaltyandbraveryandawhitefacesymbolizestreacheryandguile.京劇京劇是中國(guó)流行的最廣泛影響最大的一個(gè)劇種，擁有兩
7、百多年的歷史。在長(zhǎng)期的發(fā)展過(guò)程中，京劇形成了一套虛擬表演動(dòng)作，如一條槳就可以代表一只船。不需要任何的道具，演員就能表現(xiàn)出上樓、下樓，開(kāi)門、關(guān)門等動(dòng)作，雖然經(jīng)赤了夸張但這些動(dòng)作能給觀眾既真實(shí)又優(yōu)美的感覺(jué)。京劇演員分生、旦、凈、丑四個(gè)行當(dāng)，生和旦的化痕跡要描眉、吊眉、畫(huà)眼圈，凈丑面部需要化妝，比如，紅臉表示忠誠(chéng)勇猛，白臉表示奸險(xiǎn)。Paper-CutsChinesepaper-cutsareprettyandexquisitewithauniqueorientalstyle.Theymakeviewer
8、stofeeltherealdailylifeandafestiveatmosphere.Themakingofpaper-cutsisapopularfolkartofmorethan2000yearsinChina.Theyaremostlycreatedbywomeninruralareas.Thedesignsarefowlsdomesticanimalscrops,episodesfromoperasauspicioussymbolsandsoon.UsedontheCh
