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1、INTERNATIONALISO/IECSTANDARD23271Thirdedition2012-02-15Informationtechnology—CommonLanguageInfrastructure(CLI)Technologiesdel'information—Infrastructurecommunedelangage(ICL)ReferencenumberISO/IEC23271:2012(E)?ISO/IEC2012ISO/IEC23271:2012(E)COPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENT?ISO/IEC201
2、2Allrightsreserved.Unlessotherwisespecified,nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedorutilizedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopyingandmicrofilm,withoutpermissioninwritingfromeitherISOattheaddressbeloworISO'smemberbodyinthecountryoftherequester.ISOcop
3、yrightofficeCasepostale56?CH-1211Geneva20Tel.+41227490111Fax+41227490947E-mailcopyright@iso.orgWebwww.iso.orgPublishedinSwitzerlandii?ISO/IEC2012–AllrightsreservedISO/IEC23271:2012(E)TableofContentsForewordxxiI.1Scope1I.2Conformance2I.3Normativereferences3I.4Conventions5I.4.1O
4、rganization5I.4.2Informativetext5I.5Termsanddefinitions6I.6OverviewoftheCommonLanguageInfrastructure9I.6.1Relationshiptotypesafety9I.6.2Relationshiptomanagedmetadata-drivenexecution10I.6.2.1Managedcode10I.6.2.2Manageddata11I.6.2.3Summary11I.7CommonLanguageSpecification12I.7.1I
5、ntroduction12I.7.2ViewsofCLScompliance12I.7.2.1CLSframework12I.7.2.2CLSconsumer13I.7.2.3CLSextender13I.7.3CLScompliance14I.7.3.1MarkingitemsasCLS-compliant14I.8CommonTypeSystem16I.8.1Relationshiptoobject-orientedprogramming19I.8.2Valuesandtypes19I.8.2.1Valuetypesandreferencety
6、pes19I.8.2.2Built-invalueandreferencetypes20I.8.2.3Classes,interfaces,andobjects21I.8.2.4Boxingandunboxingofvalues21I.8.2.5Identityandequalityofvalues22I.8.3Locations23I.8.3.1Assignment-compatiblelocations23I.8.3.2Coercion23I.8.3.3Casting24?ISO/IEC2012–Allrightsreserved.iiiISO
7、/IEC23271:2012(E)I.8.4Typemembers24I.8.4.1Fields,arrayelements,andvalues24I.8.4.2Methods24I.8.4.3Staticfieldsandstaticmethods25I.8.4.4Virtualmethods25I.8.5Naming25I.8.5.1Validnames25I.8.5.2Assembliesandscoping26I.8.5.3Visibility,accessibility,andsecurity27I.8.6Contracts30I.8.6
8、.1Signatures30I.8.7Assignmentcompatibility34I.8.7.1Assignment
