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《關(guān)節(jié)型工業(yè)機(jī)械臂的最優(yōu)軌跡規(guī)劃方法與仿真驗(yàn)證》由會(huì)員上傳分享,免費(fèi)在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在學(xué)術(shù)論文-天天文庫(kù)。
1、------------------河北工業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文摘要隨著當(dāng)代科學(xué)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,機(jī)器人的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域已從最初的搬運(yùn)、焊接和裝配等領(lǐng)域發(fā)展到現(xiàn)在的醫(yī)療服務(wù)、土木建筑等領(lǐng)域,同時(shí)也對(duì)應(yīng)用到焊接、裝配等領(lǐng)域的機(jī)器人有了更高的要求,尤其在提高工業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率和保證機(jī)械平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行方面。為此,本文針對(duì)這兩方面的要求提出了機(jī)械臂軌跡規(guī)劃時(shí)間最優(yōu)和加加速度最小的雙重優(yōu)化方法,在特定路徑下使機(jī)械臂的運(yùn)行時(shí)間達(dá)到最短可以有效提高其在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中的效率;而使加加速度最小,可以減少機(jī)械臂的振蕩,保證機(jī)械臂的平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行,同時(shí)減少機(jī)械的磨損,延長(zhǎng)其使
2、用壽命。本文以KUKAKR5arc機(jī)械臂為分析對(duì)象,對(duì)機(jī)械臂進(jìn)行正逆運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析,主要介紹了機(jī)器人的數(shù)理基礎(chǔ),根據(jù)D-H建模法和機(jī)械臂的參數(shù)建立了KUKA機(jī)械臂的數(shù)學(xué)模型,并求得了它的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)正解和運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)逆解。針對(duì)機(jī)械臂的雙重優(yōu)化目標(biāo)采用五次B樣條曲線描述機(jī)械臂運(yùn)動(dòng)的角位移、角速度、角加速度和角加加速度等,并利用夾緊式的B樣條曲線首末節(jié)點(diǎn)各有多重性的特點(diǎn),考慮了六個(gè)邊界條件,使五次B樣條曲線也可以滿足加加速度連續(xù)。最后分析了機(jī)械臂軌跡規(guī)劃的優(yōu)化原理,在了解了多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化算法的基礎(chǔ)上創(chuàng)新地采用了帶精英策略的非支配排序遺傳算法(N
3、SGA-II)解決時(shí)間最優(yōu)和加加速度最小的雙重優(yōu)化問(wèn)題,重點(diǎn)分析了該算法用于多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化的優(yōu)勢(shì)以及實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟,并采用MATLAB仿真得到各關(guān)節(jié)的軌跡曲線,比較優(yōu)化前后的曲線圖,證明了機(jī)械臂的雙重優(yōu)化方法有重要的應(yīng)用價(jià)值和商業(yè)價(jià)值。關(guān)鍵詞:機(jī)械臂軌跡規(guī)劃五次B樣條曲線多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化NSGA-II算法I-----------關(guān)節(jié)型工業(yè)機(jī)械臂的最優(yōu)軌跡規(guī)劃方法與仿真驗(yàn)證ABSTRACTWiththerapiddevelopmentofcontemporaryscienceandtechnology,theapplicationofro
4、bothasvariedfromtheinitialhandling,weldingandassemblyareastothepresentmedicalservices,civilconstructionandotherfields.Atthesametime,therequirementsforrobotsarehigherandhigher,especiallyinimprovingtheefficiencyofindustrialproductionandguaranteeingthesmoothmovement
5、ofmanipulator.Thisthesispresentsadualoptimizedmethodforthetrajectoryplanningofmanipulatorintimeoptimumandjerkminimum.Thetimeoptimumunderthespecificpathcaneffectivelyimprovetheefficiencyofmanipulator,whilejerkminimumcanreducetheoscillationofmanipulatortoensurethes
6、moothrunning,andatthesametimereducethemechanicalwearandprolongitsservicelife.ThisthesismakesapositiveandinversekinematicanalysisonKUKAKR5arc.Itmainlyanalyzesthemathematicalfoundation,establishesmathematicalmodelofmanipulatorbasedontheD-HmodelandtheparametersofKUK
7、A,andgainsthepositivekinematicsolutionandinversekinematicsolutionofit.Toachievethedualoptimizationofmanipulator,thethesisusesthequinticBsplinecurvetodescribetheangulardisplacement,angularvelocity,angularaccelerationandangularjerkofthemechanicalarm’smoving.Usingth
8、emultiplicityoftheclampingBsplinecurveandconsideringsixboundaryconditions,thequinticBsplinecurvecanmeetcontinuousacceleration.Intheend,thethesisstudiestheoptim