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1、Unit4Publictransport語法PhrasalverbsⅠ.短語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成1.Enjoyastoryandpayattentiontosomephraseswhilelistening.Itwasraining.Iwentintoacaféandaskedforacoffee.WhileIwaswaitingformydrink,Irealizedtherewereotherpeopleintheplace,butIsensedloneliness.Isawtheirbodies,butIcouldn’tfeeltheirsou
2、lsbecausetheirsoulsbelongedtotheNet.Istoodupandwalkedbetweenthetables,whenIcametothebiggestcomputer,Isawathin,smallmansittinginfrontofit.“I’mSteve,”hefinallyrepliedtomeafterIaskedhimacoupleoftimeswhathisnamewas.“Ican’ttalkwithyou.I’mbusy,”hesaid.Hewaschattingonlineand,atth
3、esametime,hewasplayingacomputergame—awargame.Iwassurprised.Itriedtotalktohimagain,heshoutedatme,“Ican’tputupwithyou.Leavemealone”Thatnight,Ithoughteverythingover,butwasataloss.AretheywrongorIam?2.Whatisaphrasalverb?verb+adverbverb+prepositionverb+adverb+prepositionleavemea
4、lone;thinkeverythingover;standupgointo;askfor;waitfor;cometo;talkwith;talkto;shoutat;putupwith英語中的動(dòng)詞,按其構(gòu)成,可分為單詞動(dòng)詞(single-wordverb)和短語動(dòng)詞(phrasalverb)。短語動(dòng)詞指由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上單詞構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞。這種動(dòng)詞主要有三種組合形式:1)動(dòng)詞+副詞構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語動(dòng)詞+副詞構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語分為兩類：“及物動(dòng)詞+副詞”和“不及物動(dòng)詞+副詞”?！凹拔飫?dòng)詞+副詞”短語的賓語既可以放在副詞之前也可以放在副詞之后，但如果賓
5、語為人稱代詞，則必須放在副詞之前。Eg.(1)Hetookoffhiscoat.(2)Havingwornhisraincoatalltheway,hetookitoffwhenhearrivedathisoffice.(3)UncleTompassedaway(去世)manyyearsago.(4)他進(jìn)來時(shí)脫掉外套，出去時(shí)又穿上。Hetookoffhiscoatwhenheenteredthehouseandputitonagainwhenhewentout.(takeoff是及物短語動(dòng)詞)(5)Thereisoftenaspectato
6、rs’balconyatairports,wherepeoplecanwatchtheplanestakingoffandlanding.(takeoff是不及物短語動(dòng)詞)(6)HiswordspuzzledmesomuchthatIspentseveralminutes________________.A.makingitupB.tomakeitupC.figureditoutD.tofigureitout總結(jié)：及物動(dòng)詞必須加賓語意思才完整的動(dòng)詞。不及物動(dòng)詞，就是不必加賓語意思就完整的動(dòng)詞。2)動(dòng)詞+介詞構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語動(dòng)詞+介詞構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞
7、短語相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，不可分開使用，其后可以直接跟賓語，賓語通常是名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞等，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中介詞不能省略。Eg.1.Kateislookingafterhissickmother.2.前幾天我遇到我的一個(gè)老朋友王曉林。IcameacrossoneofmyoldclassmatesWangXiaoping. 3.Iagreewith(與……看法一致)youonthatpoint. 4.Beforelonghetookto(愛上)agirlstudentinhisclass.3)動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語這類動(dòng)詞短語的賓語只能放在介詞
8、的后面.常見的短語有：breakawayfrom，goonwith，catchupwith，lookdownon/upon，lookupto，makeupfor，putupwit
