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1、Unit1WomenofachievementPartⅢGrammar一、[學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)]1.掌握同位語從句的用法;2.學(xué)會區(qū)分同位語從句與定語從句等的區(qū)別。二、[自主預(yù)習(xí)]1.定義:在主從復(fù)合句中作同位語的從句稱為同位語從句。同位語從句一般用that,whether,what,which,who,when,where,why,how等詞引導(dǎo),常放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,wish,promise,answer,evidence,report,explanation,s
2、uggestion,conclusion等抽象名詞后面,說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。換言之,同位語從句和所修飾的名詞在內(nèi)容上為同一關(guān)系,對其內(nèi)容作進(jìn)一步說明。例:Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadoverthewholeschool.析:theyhadwonthegame說明Thenews的全部內(nèi)容,因此該句為同位語從句。2.如何確定同位語從句引導(dǎo)詞1.如同位語從句意義完整,應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。(即that不充當(dāng)任何成分,只起連接作用,不可省略)例:Thegeneralgavetheord
3、erthatthesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce.析:thesoldiersshouldcrosstheriveratonce是theorder的全部內(nèi)容,且意義完整,因此應(yīng)用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。2.如同位語從句意義不完整,需增加"是否"的含義,應(yīng)用whether引導(dǎo)同位語從句。(if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句)例:We'lldiscusstheproblemwhetherthesportsmeetingwillbeheldontime.析:thesportsmeetingwillbeheldonti
4、me意義不完整,應(yīng)加"是否"的含義才能表達(dá)theproblem的全部內(nèi)容,因此應(yīng)用whether引導(dǎo)同位語從句。3.如同位語從句意義不完整,需增加"什么時候"、"什么地點"、"什么方式"等含義,應(yīng)用when,where,how等詞引導(dǎo)同位語從句。例1:Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback.析:hewillbeback意義不完整,應(yīng)加"什么時候"的含義才能表達(dá)idea的全部內(nèi)容,因此應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)同位語從句。例2:Ihavenoimpressionhowhewenthome,perhapsbybike.析:hewe
5、nthome意義不完整,應(yīng)加"如何"的含義才能表達(dá)impression的全部內(nèi)容,因此應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)同位語從句。4.當(dāng)主句的謂語較短,而同位語從句較長時,同位語從句常后置.如:Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthecity.???3.同位語從句VS定語從句同位語從句和定語從句相似,都放在某一名詞或代詞后面,但同位語從句不同于定語從句。同位語從句對名詞加以補充說明,是名詞全部內(nèi)容的體現(xiàn),且名詞和同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞均不在從句中作成分;定語從句說明先行詞的性質(zhì)與特征,與先行詞是修飾與被
6、修飾的關(guān)系,且名詞和定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞均在從句中作成分。注意:區(qū)分時可以在先行詞與從句之間加一個系動詞be,使之構(gòu)成一個新句子,如果句子通順且符合邏輯,則為同位語從句,反之,則為定語從句。Thereportthathewasgoingtoresignwasfalse.Theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday.Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeoplet
7、ohelptheothergroups.ThefactthatGreatBritainismadeupofthreepartsisknowntomany.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavystormiscoming.【熟能生巧】1)Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.while???B.that???C.when???D.as
8、2)Itissaidthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities,thisistheinformation____hasbeenputforward.A.wha