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1、Thedevelopmentandapplicationresearchofbidirectionalmobileesophagealstent【Abstract】ObjectiveThedevelopmentofbidirectionalmobileesophagealstentandexploreit’sclincalapplicationvalue.MethodsClinicaldataof152patientsundergoingesophagealstentinginThe82ndHospitalofthePeople’sLiberationArmybetweenDe
2、cember,2005andDecember,2013wereanalyzedretrospectively,becasueofesophagealstrictureafterradiotherapy.Thepatientsweredividedintotwogroupsdependonthetypesofesophagealstents.GroupAasthebidirectionalmovementZ-stentgroup,groupBasthetraditionalrecyclableZ-stentgroup.ResultsGroupA,theupperendofthes
3、tentrestenosis(recyclinglineisembedded),moveditdownfirst,thenmovedup,orrecycleditandplacedanewstenttore-expansionthestricture.GroupB,patientswithrestenosis,recyclinglineisembedded,onlythenplacedanotherstent.ComparedwithgroupB,ifthestentmigrationintothestomach(recyclinglineremainedinthefundus
4、ofstomach),groupAweremoreeasilyremoved.ThepatientsofgroupAcouldobservedthechangesofesophageallesionsbymovingthestent,butthegroupBshouldremovedthestent.Whenrecycledstenttheupperrecyclinglinewasbroken,thegroupAcouldrecyclethestentbyhookingtheunderrecyclingline.ConclusionThemobilityofesophageal
5、stentwillbecomeaimportantfactorforcliniciantochoosestent,thebidirectionalmobileesophagealstentislikelytobecomeagoodchoiceforbenignandmalignantesophagealstricture.【Keywords】Esophagealstent;Z-style;Bidirectionalmobile;Restenosis;Migration2引言食管癌是食管上皮來(lái)源的常見(jiàn)消化道腫瘤,居于全球惡性腫瘤第八,在腫瘤相關(guān)致死原因中排名第六。2011年國(guó)際癌
6、癥研究中心全球癌癥統(tǒng)計(jì)報(bào)告顯示[1]:2008年全世界食管癌新增人數(shù)約46.2萬(wàn),占所有腫瘤發(fā)病的4.2%,死亡人數(shù)約40.7萬(wàn),占所有腫瘤死亡的5.7%。在全球范圍內(nèi),超過(guò)80%的食管癌患者分布在發(fā)展中國(guó)家,而中國(guó)是食管癌發(fā)病率及死亡率均最高的國(guó)家,我國(guó)每年大約有25萬(wàn)[2]確診病例,占全球總發(fā)病數(shù)一半。我國(guó)食管癌患者遍布全國(guó)十余個(gè)省市,累及人數(shù)近2億[3]。如今食管癌的治療手段主要包括:手術(shù)、放射治療、化療、內(nèi)鏡下黏膜切除術(shù)(EMR)、光動(dòng)力治療(PDT)、分子靶向治療、支架治療等,其中手術(shù)治療仍為首選。食管癌患者早期癥狀多不典型,大多數(shù)患者只有在出現(xiàn)進(jìn)食困難時(shí)才就醫(yī)被發(fā)現(xiàn)
7、,此時(shí)多為中晚期,從而失去手術(shù)機(jī)會(huì),而且晚期腫瘤侵及相鄰器官并發(fā)穿孔繼而發(fā)生食管氣管瘺、食管縱膈瘺等。這些不僅僅導(dǎo)致患者無(wú)法進(jìn)食,而且容易繼發(fā)感染,最終加速患者的死亡。放置食管支架不僅能夠及時(shí)恢復(fù)食管的通暢,而且有效地封堵瘺口,讓患者能從正常途徑進(jìn)食,保證常規(guī)營(yíng)養(yǎng)的攝入,為后續(xù)的治療創(chuàng)造有利條件,延長(zhǎng)生存期,同時(shí)提高患者的生活質(zhì)量。放置食管支架[4-5]雖能有效地解除食管狹窄,但隨著食管支架在臨床上應(yīng)用越來(lái)越廣泛,同時(shí)也存在不少并發(fā)癥給患者造成痛苦。再狹窄是放置食管支架后的常見(jiàn)并發(fā)癥之一,文