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1、軟弱巖層巷道圍巖控制的數(shù)值模擬分析研究呂志云1，夏明強(qiáng)2(1青海省第六地質(zhì)礦產(chǎn)勘查院，格爾木816000；2青海省第三地質(zhì)礦產(chǎn)勘查院，西寧810000)摘要：大傾角“三軟”破碎帶內(nèi)巷道圍巖失穩(wěn)問題是礦山開采所面臨的主要問題之一。本文以青海某金礦的軟弱圍巖巷道為背景進(jìn)行了有限元模擬，發(fā)現(xiàn)大傾角破碎帶巷道開挖后應(yīng)力的重新分布，并且應(yīng)力變化范圍較大，其中拱腰和低邊墻出現(xiàn)應(yīng)力集中，發(fā)生拉應(yīng)力破壞；并對(duì)應(yīng)力集中區(qū)進(jìn)行錨桿支護(hù)，有效地控制了圍巖變形。關(guān)鍵詞：大傾角“三軟”巷道；有限元；圍巖控制；錨桿支護(hù)Studyandc
2、ontrolonnumericalsimulationofsurroundingtheweakrockofthelanewayLvZhiyun1，XiaMingqiang2(16thGeologyandMineralResourcesSurveyInstituteinQinghai，Geermu816000；23thGeologyandMineralResourcesSurveyInstituteinQinghai,Xining810000)Abstract：Thedisabilityoflargeangle
3、lanewaywiththreesoftcrushedzoneisoneofthemajorproblems.Inthepaper,theweaksurroundinglanewayofthegoldmineinQinghaiwassimulatedandanalyzedwithFEM.Theresultisshownthatthestressdistributionwasalteredlargelyandtherangetochangeisbig;Thestressconcentrationtakespla
4、ceinlateralwallandcrownanditbelongstopullingstressdestroying;Thezonewithstressconcentrationissupportedwithanchorbolttocontrolthedeformationofsurroundingrockeffectively.Keywords：largeanglelanewaywiththreesoftcrushedzone;finiteelementmethod(FEM);surroundingro
5、ckcontrol;supportwithanchorbolt1引言青海某金礦礦體下盤破碎帶平均厚度10米以上，傾角70°以上。位于下盤破碎帶內(nèi)的脈外巷道為大傾角“三軟”巷道，巷道頂板均為破碎泥化帶，圍巖力學(xué)性質(zhì)的呈現(xiàn)非線性，回采巷道變形量大，支護(hù)困難。因此本文以此破碎帶地質(zhì)條件為模型，對(duì)巷道支護(hù)前后的應(yīng)力進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析，以解決此類巷道的圍巖控制問題。2計(jì)算模型及分析過程2.1破碎帶物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)破碎帶內(nèi)的各巖性做了物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)實(shí)驗(yàn)，其詳細(xì)參數(shù)見表1。表1巖性的物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)及巖層分布Tab.1Physic
6、alandmechanicalpropertiesandthedistributionofRockstrata分層號(hào)煤層類別含水量/%容重/t/m3抗壓強(qiáng)度/MPa抗拉強(qiáng)度/MPa泊松比內(nèi)聚力/MPa內(nèi)摩擦角/0o彈性模量/MPa厚度/m1灰黑色泥巖1.322.58017.941.700.2819.9436.720.9453.52灰色石灰?guī)r0.342.99769.505.160.2922.2738.008.2533.53灰黑色砂質(zhì)泥巖1.702.702591.940.264.7726.723.4392.54灰
7、黑色砂質(zhì)泥巖1.702.70238.591.940.264.7726.723.4392.55泥巖1.302.63812.01.940.188.1924.001.2721.76灰色細(xì)砂巖1.532.75318.21.210.196.4341.000.7131.77黑灰色砂質(zhì)泥巖1.302.63812.01.940.188.1924.001.2723.58黑灰色泥巖1.302.63812.01.940.188.1924.001.2721.09K斷層泥1.391.3813.110.170.190.69740.500
8、.0802.010灰黑色粘土泥巖1.72.65020.81.900.3123.9739.001.0362.011黃褐色砂巖1.532.75318.21.210.196.4341.000.7131.512灰黑色泥巖1.362.72619.921.810.3022.8139.080.9882.013灰黑色狀灰?guī)r0.552.90072.25.200.2627.1438.406.8332.014灰黑色泥巖1
