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1、植物保護(hù)學(xué)報(bào)JournalofPlantProtection,2018,45(4):886-892DOI:10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2018.2018009鐵皮石斛輪紋病病原菌鑒定及其防治藥劑篩選11,21112*沈偉東趙玲琳王國榮邱春英王翔樓兵干(1.杭州市蕭山區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣中心,杭州311203;2.浙江大學(xué)生物技術(shù)研究所,杭州310029)摘要:為明確近年來在鐵皮石斛Dendrobiumofficinale葉片及莖稈上出現(xiàn)的一種新病害—輪紋病的病原菌及篩選其有效防治藥劑,通過分離物致病性測定、形態(tài)
2、學(xué)觀察和rDNA-ITS序列分析對病原菌進(jìn)行鑒定,同時(shí)測定了11種藥劑對病原菌菌絲生長和分生孢子萌發(fā)的抑菌效果。結(jié)果表明,從鐵皮石斛病樣中分離到的菌株TPLW01在致病性試驗(yàn)中表現(xiàn)出的癥狀與其田間自然感病癥狀一致,證明菌株TPLW01為鐵皮石斛輪紋病的致病菌。該病原菌菌落在PDA培養(yǎng)基上初期為白色、絨毛狀,后期菌落上長出同心環(huán)狀排列的暗綠色至黑色的分生孢子座;分生孢子梗無色,圓柱形,有3~5輪分枝;分生孢子無色、單胞、桿狀兩端鈍圓,大小為5.0~7.5μm×1.5~2.5μm;形態(tài)特征與露濕漆斑菌Myrotheciumro
3、ridum一致。該菌rDNA-ITS序列的GenBank登錄號為MF939638,與露濕漆斑菌(登錄號KX421205.1)同源性為100.0%,分子鑒定結(jié)果與形態(tài)鑒定結(jié)果一致,確定引起該病的病原菌為露濕漆斑菌。6%春雷霉素可濕性粉劑1000倍液、42.8%氟菌肟菌酯懸浮劑3500倍液、29%吡萘嘧菌酯懸浮劑1500倍液、70%甲基硫菌靈可濕性粉劑1000倍液對該菌菌絲生長和分生孢子萌發(fā)的抑制效果均達(dá)到100.0%,表明這4種藥劑可用于鐵皮石斛輪紋病的田間防治。關(guān)鍵詞:鐵皮石斛;輪紋病;露濕漆斑菌;春雷霉素Identifi
4、cationofringrotofDendrobiumofficinaleandscreeningoffungicides11,21112*ShenWeidongZhaoLinglinWangGuorongQiuChunyingWangXiangLouBinggan(1.XiaoshanAgriculturalTechnologyExtensionCenterofHangzhouCity,Hangzhou311203,ZhejiangProvince,China;2.InstituteofBiotechnology,Zhe
5、jiangUniversity,Hangzhou310029,ZhejiangProvince,China)Abstract:Inordertoclarifythecausalagentofringrot,whichwasanewdiseaseappearedonleavesandstemsofDendrobiumofficinaleinrecentyears,thepathogenicfunguswasidentified,basedontheanalysisofpathogenicitytestsofisolates,
6、morphologicalcharacteristicsandrDNA-ITSsequence.Theinhibitoryeffectsof11fungicidestothegrowthofmyceliumandconidiumgerminationofthepatho-genicfunguswereevaluated.TheresultsshowedthatthestrainTPLW01wasisolatedfromringrotdis-easeleavesofD.officinale,thesymptomsofpath
7、ogenicitytestwereconsistentwithnaturalsymptomsinthefield,whichprovedthatthestrainTPLW01wasapathogenicfungi.ThecoloniesofthepathogenonPDAmediumwereinitiallywhite,floccoseandthencoloniesgrowdarkgreentoblacksporodochiawithconcentricringsinthelaterstage.Conidiophoresw
8、erehyaline,cylindricalandinwhorlsof3to5.Conidiawerehyaline,singlecelled,rod-shapedwithroundedatbothendsandmeasuredbetween5.0-7.5μm×1.5-2.5μm.Thesemorpho