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1、武漢科技大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文第1頁(yè)摘要本文綜述了微孔碳磚的特點(diǎn)及研究現(xiàn)狀。論述了碳納米管/碳納米纖維的結(jié)構(gòu)、性能及制備方法。通過(guò)添加不同加入量的石墨、硅粉和剛玉粉,考察上述三種添加劑對(duì)微孔碳磚性能,尤其是對(duì)微孔碳磚的微孔化程度和導(dǎo)熱性能的影響。結(jié)果表明:只有適量的添加劑可以提高微孔碳磚的體積密度,降低其顯氣孔率,提高微孔化程度以及導(dǎo)熱性能。微孔碳磚性能提高的主要原因是添加劑的引入可以在微孔碳磚中原位形成碳化硅晶須。在氬氣氣氛下,以瀝青、樹(shù)脂為原料,以過(guò)渡金屬鹽(硝酸鎳、硝酸鈷、草酸鎳、草酸鈷、硝酸鐵和二茂鐵)和納米金屬
2、粉(鎳和鈷)為催化劑,采用原位催化裂解法合成了碳納米纖維。研究了炭化溫度、催化劑種類、催化劑加入量和原料種類等因素對(duì)產(chǎn)物碳納米纖維的形貌和結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。利用SEM、TEM和XRD等檢測(cè)方法對(duì)制備的碳納米纖維進(jìn)行了表征。并對(duì)碳納米纖維的生長(zhǎng)機(jī)制進(jìn)行初步的探討。結(jié)果表明:?jiǎn)为?dú)以瀝青或樹(shù)脂為原料可以生成碳納米纖維,其主要生長(zhǎng)在孔洞中。炭化溫度為1000℃,催化劑為硝酸鎳和硝酸鉆,其生長(zhǎng)效果較好。瀝青和樹(shù)脂成分的復(fù)雜性決定了生成碳納米纖維形貌的多樣性??疾炝嗽淮呋呀夥ê铣商技{米纖維在微孔碳磚中的應(yīng)用情況。主要包括了不同催
3、化劑對(duì)微孔碳磚的微孔化程度、導(dǎo)熱性能和顯微結(jié)構(gòu)的影響。結(jié)果表明:添加催化劑的微孔碳磚性能變化并不大。這想必是因?yàn)榇蟛糠稚傻奶技{米纖維轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樘蓟杈ы毸隆jP(guān)鍵詞:微孔碳磚;微孔化;高導(dǎo)熱;碳納米纖維:原位催化裂解法第1I頁(yè)武漢科技大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文AbstractThepropertiesandtheresearchstatusofmicro-porecarbonbrickhavebeenintroduced.111epreparationandpropertiesofcarbonnanotubes/carbonn
4、anofibershavebeendiscussed.Theeffectofgraphite,siliconandalundumpowderonthepropertiesofmicro-porecarbonbrick,especiallymicro—poreandthermalconductivity,hasbeenexploredbyusingdifferentadditionofthreekindsofadditives.Theresultsshowedthattheadditivescanpromotemic
5、ro-poreandthermalconductivityofcarbonbrickandincreaseitsbulkanddecreaseitsapparentporositybecauseoftheformationofSiC(w)reaction.Carbonnanofibersweresynthesisedin-·situbycatalyticpyrolysismethodusingcoal-·tarpitchorphenolicresinastherawmaterial,transitionalmeta
6、lsalts(Ni(N03)2·6H20,Co州03)2·6H20,NiC204·2H20,COC204·4H20,F(xiàn)e(N03)3·9H20and(CsHshFe)andnanometalpowders(NiandCo)asthecatalystinAratmosphere.Theeffectofthecarbonizationtemperature,thekindandadditionofcatalystsandrawmaterialonmorphologyofcarbonnanofiberswasstudie
7、d.In-situcarbonnanofiberswerecharacterizedbySEM,TEMandXRD.Themechanismofthesynthesisofin—situcarbonnanofiberswasdiscussedinitially.Theresultsshowedthatcarbonnanofibersgrowthingintheholesweresynthesizedusingcoal—tarpitchorphenolicresinaloneastherawmaterial.1000
8、*CistheappropriatetemperatureforcarbonizationandcatalystsofNi(N03)2·6H20andCo(N03)2·6H20arebetterthanothers.Varietiesofmorphologyofcarbonnanofibersareattributedtothecomplexityofcoa