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1、武漢理工大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文摘要在數(shù)字信息技術(shù)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)高速發(fā)展的帶動(dòng)下,嵌入式產(chǎn)業(yè)迅速崛起,成為整個(gè)IT行業(yè)的最亮點(diǎn)。在這種背景下,己經(jīng)在服務(wù)器市場(chǎng)穩(wěn)定了地位的Linux在嵌入式領(lǐng)域脫穎而出,并以其開(kāi)源的特性、低廉的價(jià)格和強(qiáng)大的功能等諸多優(yōu)勢(shì)很快發(fā)展起來(lái),成為嵌入式領(lǐng)域研究和開(kāi)發(fā)的熱點(diǎn)。本文主要討論為滿足嵌入式領(lǐng)域的需要,Linux操作系統(tǒng)在實(shí)時(shí)化方面所進(jìn)行的研究。文章首先對(duì)嵌入式系統(tǒng)、實(shí)時(shí)操作系統(tǒng)和嵌入式Linux進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的介紹,并對(duì)Linux作為嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)勢(shì)和在實(shí)時(shí)性方面的不足做了深入的分析。在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出了改進(jìn)嵌入式Linux操作系統(tǒng)實(shí)時(shí)性的各種方
2、案,并著重對(duì)Linux內(nèi)核可搶占性問(wèn)題、實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)度方面進(jìn)行了研究。文章比較了改善內(nèi)核搶占性的兩種方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),討論了Linux任務(wù)調(diào)度在實(shí)時(shí)性方面的缺陷,探討了RM、EDF等實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)度算法、以及優(yōu)先級(jí)翻轉(zhuǎn)問(wèn)題的解決等。根據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)度算法EDF的相關(guān)思想,設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)度器,并通過(guò)驗(yàn)證測(cè)試,證明改進(jìn)后的系統(tǒng)較好地解決了普通Linux在實(shí)時(shí)性方面存在的不足,其能夠在實(shí)時(shí)領(lǐng)域有較好的應(yīng)用。最后,本文對(duì)Linux實(shí)時(shí)化方案中尚需解決的其它關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題提出自己的看法,通過(guò)對(duì)其進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的改造,必將在嵌入式領(lǐng)域中發(fā)揮巨大的作用。并對(duì)嵌入式Linux未來(lái)發(fā)展的方向做出展望。關(guān)鍵詞:嵌
3、入式Linux,實(shí)時(shí),搶占,調(diào)度武漢理工人學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文ABSTRACTWiththerapidprogressofinformationandnetworkingtechnologies,thedevelopmentofembeddedsystemsbecomesthehighlightaroundtheallofITindustriesInthissituation,Linuxsystem,whichhasmadegreatSuccessinserverapplications,willobtainfritterdevelopmentandfindwideap
4、plicationsintheembeddedindustry,withtheadvantagesofopencodes,lowcostandpowerfulfunctionsetc.TheresearchonembeddedLinuxsystemshasrecentlybeenpaidmanyattentionstoandbecomesverypopular.ThepapermainlydiscussestheresearchofLinuxrealtimeperformanceinordertomeettheneedsinembeddedfield.Firstl
5、y,thepaperintroducesembeddedsystem,realtimeoper砒ionsystem,embeddedLinux,deeplyanalysesadvanmgesofLinuxservingasembeddedoperationsystemandshortcomingsintheaspectofhardrealtimeperformance.ThepapercomparesvariousschemeofembeddedLinuximplementingrealtimeperformanceonthebasisofabove.WefoCU
6、Sonthekernelpreemptionsa'ategyandSChedulingalgorithms.Thisarticlecomparestheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftwoimprovedschemesforkernelpreemption,andanalyzestherealtimeshortcomingsofLinuxprocessschedulescheme,anddiscussestherealtimeprocessscheduleschemesofRM&EDF,andhowtoresolvetheproblemo
7、fPRIinversion.WedesignandrealizearealtimeschedulerbasedonEDFidea.Aftersometests,weprovethatthenewrealtimeschedulerhasbettereffectinrealtimeperformancethanunimprovedLinux,andthenewonecanbewellusedinrealtimefield.Atlast,someotherkeytechniquesofLinuxreal-timemethodandopinionsareputforwar
8、d.Thr