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1、摘要針對(duì)星載天線在軌運(yùn)行時(shí)面臨的惡劣熱循環(huán)環(huán)境,往往容易導(dǎo)致型面精度難以得到保證的現(xiàn)狀,著眼于航天器所主要采用的被動(dòng)熱控技術(shù),本文對(duì)星載天線的在軌熱性能進(jìn)行了分析與優(yōu)化。為得到設(shè)計(jì)變量,本文對(duì)具有一定結(jié)構(gòu)、尺寸的星載天線,在運(yùn)行軌道及姿態(tài)固定的情況下,進(jìn)行了正交試驗(yàn),通過改變其材料性質(zhì)及表面狀態(tài)來研究影響反射面均方根誤差的主要因素,并得出了有益的靈敏度分析結(jié)論。隨后,以反射器表面熱控涂層的發(fā)射率、太陽吸收率為設(shè)計(jì)變量,反射面均方根誤差為目標(biāo)函數(shù),并考慮到設(shè)計(jì)變量的搜索空間限定,建立了星載天線在軌熱性能熱一結(jié)構(gòu)耦合優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的數(shù)學(xué)模型。本文進(jìn)一步基于蜂窩夾層結(jié)構(gòu)的等
2、效板理論,結(jié)合I-DEAS內(nèi)嵌機(jī)制,針對(duì)一典型星載單塊實(shí)體標(biāo)準(zhǔn)圓旋轉(zhuǎn)拋物面天線,利用I.DEAs對(duì)其天線反射器進(jìn)行了參數(shù)化建模、在軌溫度場(chǎng)與熱變形計(jì)算的自動(dòng)化設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)。并在此基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)基本遺傳算法進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),采用由改進(jìn)的基本遺傳算法+模擬退火算法組成的混合遺傳算法,利用Delphi開發(fā)了星載天線在軌熱性能優(yōu)化的應(yīng)用程序,使用著名的Rosenbrock函數(shù)對(duì)程序進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,并利用該程序,對(duì)星載天線在軌熱性能進(jìn)行了初步的優(yōu)化,并驗(yàn)證了優(yōu)化結(jié)果,還進(jìn)一步從結(jié)果出發(fā),分析了優(yōu)化過程中目標(biāo)函數(shù)與設(shè)計(jì)變量之間的收斂關(guān)系,并通過試驗(yàn)對(duì)其進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。本文的優(yōu)化取得了較好的效果
3、,對(duì)工程設(shè)計(jì)具有十分現(xiàn)實(shí)的指導(dǎo)意義。關(guān)鍵詞:星載天線熱分析優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)混合遺傳算法AbstractAsasatelliterunsalonganorbit,thereisalwaysathermallyinduceddeformationonthesurfaceofantennareflectorduetoatrociousthermalcirculati∞environment.Thispapermakesanalysisandoptimizationofon-orbitthermalperformanceforsatelliteantennainpassivet
4、hermalcontrolwaywhichisusedasthemainthermalcontrolwayinspaceerafis.Forgettingdesignvariables,supposesatelliteantennaisinsetstructureandshape,runsinsetorbitandattitude,carryoutorthogonalexperimentbychangingmaterialpropertiesandsurfacestatestostudythemainfactorsimpactingRMSofsatellitea
5、ntennareflectorandgetsomeusefulconclusionsaboutsensitivityanalysis.Subsequentlysetemissivityandsolarabsorptivityofsurfacethermalcontrolcoatingofsatelliteantennareflectorasdesignvariables,RMSofsatelliteantennareflectorasobjectfunctionandsearchingarealimitofdesignvariablesasconstraints
6、.buildthemathmodelofoptimizationdesigninthermal-structurecouplingofon—orbitthermalperformanceforsatelliteantenna.Furtherdoanautomationworktomodelsatelliteantennareflectorrefertoaclassicsinglesolidstandardroundrotatingparabolicsatelliteantennainparametriemodeuponequivlentplanetheoryof
7、honeycombinterliningstructure,calculateitson-orbittempratureanddeformationinI-DEASusingprogramfile.Basedonit,makeanimprovementtoSGA(SimpleGeneticAlgorithms),developanapplicationforoptimizationofon—orbitthermalperformanceforsatelliteantennausingthisnewhybridgeneticalgorithmswhichismad
8、eupofimprove