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1、鄧曉琴工程碩士學(xué)位論文摘要環(huán)氧樹脂以其優(yōu)良的綜合性能,在許多領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。但因其脆性大,耐沖擊性差且容易開裂等缺點,在很大程度上限制了它在那些需要高抗沖擊及抗斷裂性能場合下的應(yīng)用。因此,對環(huán)氧樹脂的增韌化研究具有十分重要的應(yīng)用價值。本文主要從兩個方面對環(huán)氧樹脂基復(fù)合材料進(jìn)行增韌改性。首先是合成一種新的固化劑,通過復(fù)配對傳統(tǒng)固化劑進(jìn)行改性;其次是采用原位聚合方法,以聯(lián)苯二酚等為原料得到聚氨酯/環(huán)氧樹脂共混體系。再將兩者合理的配比制備出綜合性能優(yōu)異的環(huán)氧樹脂基復(fù)合材料。利用傅立葉紅外光譜(IR)、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)等方法考察了所制備材料的綜合性能,并對其增韌機(jī)理進(jìn)行
2、了分析。試驗結(jié)果表明:①當(dāng)自制固化劑添加量為固化劑總量的50%時,體系的力學(xué)性能達(dá)到最佳效果。其中沖擊強(qiáng)度最高可提高346.5%;拉伸強(qiáng)度可提高73.O%;彎曲強(qiáng)度可提高31.1%;彎曲模量可提高21.7%。②以聯(lián)苯二酚等為原料,合成中間產(chǎn)物介晶二醇,當(dāng)介晶二醇用量為環(huán)氧樹脂的6%、與TDI摩爾比為1:2、反應(yīng)時間為2.5h的條件下,共混材料的沖擊強(qiáng)度提高了187.9%,彎曲強(qiáng)度提高了4.7%,拉伸強(qiáng)度提高了19.5%。聚氨酯/環(huán)氧樹脂體系為均相體系,其熱性能也得以顯著提高。③通過掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)對所制備環(huán)氧樹脂基復(fù)合材料進(jìn)行微觀分析,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)原位聚合所制備的聚氨酯/
3、環(huán)氧樹脂體系相容性好,其增韌機(jī)理屬于微裂紋一剪切帶、微裂紋路徑的偏移和微裂紋支化的共同作用機(jī)理。關(guān)鍵詞環(huán)氧樹脂,固化劑,原位聚合,聚氨酯,增韌ABSTRACTEpoxyresinhasbeenwidelyappliedinmanyfieldduetoitsexcellentproperties.However,thebrittlenessandthelowimpactresistancelimititsapplicationinthecircumstanceswhichneedhighimpactresistanceandgreatrigidity.Sotheresearch
4、ofstrenghenedandtoughenedepoxyresinhasverypracticalvalue.Thestudyingbasesontwoaspects.Firstly,wesynthesizeanewsortof,,poxy。‘a(chǎn)gent.Wechanthe9ertyoftraditiongofepoxyresincuringagentWechangetlaepropertyOItraaluoncuring●agentbyregulatingtheadditionoftheself-madecuringagent.Secondly,weadopttheme
5、thodofin—situpolymerizationbyusinghydroquinoneet.a(chǎn)srawmaterial,afterreactionanewcompositeofpolyurethane/epoxyresinwasgot.ThentheexcellentepoxyresinmatrixmaterialiSgotthroughabestmixtureratioofthetwosubstances.ThepropertieswereinvestigatedbyIRandSEM,thetougheningmechanismisstudiedalso.Theres
6、ultsareasfollows:1、Whenadditionofnew.synthesizedcuringagentreaches50%ofthetotalcuringagent,themechanicalpropertiesofthecompositeisbest.Theimpactresistancecanbeimprovedashighas346.5%,thetensilestrengthimproved73.O%,theflexuralstrengthimproved31.1%,andtheflexuralmodulusimproved21.7%.2、Theinte
7、rmediateproductMesogenicdiolissynthesizedbythehydroquinone.WhenthevolumeratioofMesogenicdiol:epoxyresinis6%andthemolarrateofMesogenicdiol:TDIis1:2,afterthereactionfor2.5htheimpactresistanceofthecompositeisimproved187.9%,theflexuralstrengthimproved4.7%,an