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1、摘要AdHoc網(wǎng)絡(luò)是由一組具有路由功能的節(jié)點組成的分布式無線多跳網(wǎng)絡(luò)。該網(wǎng)絡(luò)是一種新型的無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)，可以不依賴于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施而臨時組建。網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的移動節(jié)點能夠利用自身的無線收發(fā)設(shè)備交換信息，具有路由和信息轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)功能，兇此路由協(xié)議是AdHoc網(wǎng)絡(luò)一個重要組成部分。在AdHoc網(wǎng)絡(luò)中，AODV(AdHocOn．DemandDistanceVector)路由協(xié)議作為典型按需路由協(xié)議以其優(yōu)良的綜合性能近年來被廣泛應(yīng)用。但是AODV協(xié)議在路由建立時僅考慮跳數(shù)，選路方式過于單一，使其在網(wǎng)絡(luò)生存期和吞吐量等性能方面不甚理想，因此AODV協(xié)議在能量受限或多媒體信息傳輸?shù)葢?yīng)用場合具有一定局限性。針對以上不足，本文在A
2、ODV協(xié)議的基礎(chǔ)上實現(xiàn)QoS．AODV(QualityOfServiceAdHocOn—DemandDistanceVectorRouting)路由協(xié)議來改善其網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能。QoS．AODV協(xié)議借鑒QoS思想，綜合整條鏈路的能量消耗與鏈路負載，加權(quán)生成QoS代價函數(shù)，利用代價函數(shù)完成路由發(fā)現(xiàn)。同時，QoS—AODV協(xié)議還采用動態(tài)平均剩余能量算法優(yōu)化中間節(jié)點轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)機制。通過以上改進，QoS—AODV協(xié)議能夠避開能量消耗大和負載重的節(jié)點，達到同時優(yōu)化目的節(jié)點選路機制和中間節(jié)點轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)機制的目的。仿真結(jié)果表明，與AODV協(xié)議及其改進的協(xié)議相比，QoS．AODV協(xié)議能夠顯著延長網(wǎng)絡(luò)生存期，提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)吞吐量，同
3、時降低節(jié)點的死亡比率和節(jié)點能耗。關(guān)鍵詞：AdHoe網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由協(xié)議AODV網(wǎng)絡(luò)生存期QoSAbstractAdHoenetworkisadistributedwirelessmulti．hopnetworkwithagroupofroutingnodes．Itisanewtypeofwirelessnetworkswhichcanorganizeprovisionallywithouttheinfrastructure．Utilizingitsownwirelesstransceiver,thenodesinnetworkscanexchangeinformationandhavethecap
4、abilityofroutingandforwarding．Therefore，theroutingprotocolisoneoftheimportantcomponentsinAdHocnetwork．Beingtypicalon-demandroutingprotocol，AODV(AdHocOn．DemandDistanceVector)routingprotocolhasbeenwidelyusedforitsexcellentperformanceinAdHocnetwork．Thenumberofhopistheonlyconsiderationduringtheforming
5、oftheroute，SOthenetworklifetimeandthroughputperformancearenotoptimized．AODVprotocol，therefore，hascertainlimitationsinenergy—constrainedormultimediamessagetransmissionandotherapplications．ThisthesisintroducestheQoS—AODV(QualityOfServiceAdHoeOn—DemandDistanceVectorRouting)protocolbasedonAODVprotocol
6、toimprovenetworkperformance．UsingtheideaofQoS，theQoS．AODVprotocolintegratestheenergyconsumptionandtheloadoftheroutetoestablishthecostfunctiontocompletetheroutediscovery．Meanwhile，theQoS．AODVprotocolusestheaveragedynamicresidualenergyalgorithmtooptimizetheforwardingmechanismoftheintermediatenodes。S
7、othelargeenergyconsumptionandheavyloadednodescanbeavoidedinQoS—AODVprotocol，whichachievethefeasibilityofoptimizingthedestinationnoderoutingmechanismandtheintermediatenodesforwardingmechanismatthesametime．Compared
