資源描述:
《聚乳酸纖維及其共混纖維的紡制及結(jié)構(gòu)與性能研究》由會員上傳分享,免費在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在學(xué)術(shù)論文-天天文庫。
1、北京服裝學(xué)院碩士學(xué)位論文聚乳酸纖維及其共混纖維的紡制及結(jié)構(gòu)與性能研究摘要本文采用熔融紡絲法將進(jìn)口聚乳酸(PLA)切片紡制成纖維,并對切片的基本性能以及紡絲和后加工的工藝條件進(jìn)行了探索,另外將PLA與PBS(聚丁二酸丁二醇酯)及PP(聚丙烯)共混,對共混纖維的成形條件和結(jié)構(gòu)與性能進(jìn)行摸索。通過應(yīng)用掃描電鏡法(SEM)、差示掃描量熱法(DSC)、小角X射線衍射(SAXS)和動態(tài)力學(xué)分析(DMA)等分析手段研究發(fā)現(xiàn),純紡聚乳酸纖維在230℃時可紡性最好,紡速為1000m/min、后牽伸3.5倍所制纖維,斷裂強(qiáng)度達(dá)4.1cN/dtex,斷裂伸長率為21%,結(jié)晶度為45%左右。PLA/PB
2、S共混物在220。C時所紡絲條質(zhì)量較佳,而PLA/PP共混物則在235℃時具有良好的可紡性。隨著添加物(PBS或PP)含量的增多,體系相容性逐漸變差,致使共混纖維的斷裂強(qiáng)度降低,上染率提高,玻璃化溫度減小,熱穩(wěn)定性下降,但PLA/PBS共混纖維的結(jié)晶度增大,而PLA/PP共混纖維的結(jié)晶度隨之減小。另外,本文還重點研究了純紡PLA纖維、PLA/PBS共混纖維和PLAJPP共混纖維在不同介質(zhì)中的降解情況。結(jié)果表明,三種纖維均不耐酸堿,尤其在堿性環(huán)境中降解嚴(yán)重,而且隨著環(huán)境溫度的升高,降解越易發(fā)生。PLA中添加PBS后,PLA/PBS纖維比純紡PLA更易發(fā)生降解,但是混入PP后,同樣條
3、件下,PLA/PP纖維的降解程度不如純紡PLA纖維。關(guān)鍵詞:聚乳酸;聚丁二酸丁二醇酯:聚丙烯;共混;紡絲工藝;性能;降解性StudyontheSpinningProcessandStructurePerformanceaboutPLAFiberandtheBlendsFiberAbstractInthispaper,melt-spinningmethodwasusedtomanufacturingimportpolylacticacid(PLA]tobefiberandthebasicperformanceofchipsaSwellasspinningandpost-proces
4、singtechnologyconditionshasbeenexplored.TheformingconditionsandstructureperformanceofP蝴BSblendshasbeensearchedaswellthePLA/PPblends.Byusingthescanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),differentialscanningcalorimetry(Dsc),small-angleX—raydiffraction(SAXS)anddynamicmechanicalanalysis(DMA)andothermeansofa
5、nalysistothisstudy,itfoundthat230℃CanbethebestspinningtemperaturetoformPLAfiber.Thesystemofspinningspeedfor1000m/minandpost-drawing3.5timesCanmadethebreakingstrengthupto4.1cN/dtex,elongationatbreak21%andthecrystallinity45%.TheoptimalspinningtemperatureofPLA/PBSblendsis220℃andtheprimeoneoftheP
6、L船Pblendsis235℃,whenithasgoodspinability.Withtheadditives(PBSorPP)increaseinthecontent,thesystemcompatibilitygraduallydeteriorate,resultinginfiberblendstoreducethebreakingstrength,andimprovetheuptake,reducetheglasstransitiontemperature,thermalstabilitydecreased,butthefibercrystallinityofPLA/P
7、BSblendsincreased,andthefibercrystallinityofPLA/PPblendsreduced.Inaddition,thearticlealsofocusedonpurePLAfiberspinning,PLA
8、PBSblendfibersandPLA/PPblendfibersindifferentmediadegradationsituation.Theresultsshowthatthreetypesoffibercouldnottoler