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1、應(yīng)用文寫作-便箋(便條)和短信一、概述 便條也是書信的一種形式。它的特點是內(nèi)容簡短,主要有臨時性的詢問、留言、通知、要求等。跟正規(guī)書信相比,便條的語言比較口頭化,比如要通知某事只需這樣開頭:Justalinetotellyouthat……而無須像正規(guī)書信那樣Thisistoinformyouthat……開頭。另外,在便條中常出現(xiàn)省略現(xiàn)象,例如:“keytobackdoorisundermat.”或者“keytobackdoorundermat.”(后門鑰匙在墊子下面)代之以“Thekeytothebackdoorisunder
2、themat.”。 結(jié)束時也無需結(jié)尾禮詞,只需寫上寫便條者姓名。如果是關(guān)系比較近的人,則只需寫上姓或名?! ”銞l的日期通常寫在右上角。一般只寫上星期幾或者星期幾上午或下午,也可寫上午、下午的具體時刻。日常應(yīng)用中,寫上幾月幾日的也很普遍。但一般不寫年份,因為便條的內(nèi)容多半是當日或近日內(nèi)要辦的事情。寫便條時,不得事先準備,因此無固定格式,大多用手寫。 二、注意事項 1.詞句簡潔,盡量避免應(yīng)酬語和各種敬詞 2.切忌內(nèi)容空洞、言不達意?! ∪?、分類舉例 1)請假(AskingforLeave) 例1 Directions:
3、YouareabouttowriteaBusinessLeaveNoteofabout100words.Pleasedescribetheseinformationclearly. 1)thereasonyouaskfortheleave 2)thetimeandhowlongyouwillleave Class4,Grade3 Aug.22nd ToDepartmentOffice SecretaryLi, I‘msorrytoapplyfortenday’sleavefromtheAug.23rdtosept,
4、3rdinstant.AsIhavetoleavewiththetimeisurgent.Myfathernowinthehospitalisbadlyill.Ihavetogotoseehimandtakecareofhimforafewdays.YouknowI‘mtheonlychildinmyfamily.OfcourseIwillshowyouthetelegramaboutmyfathersillnesswhichisrecievedfrommymothertosupportmyapplication. Ascon
5、cernasthemissedlessonsduringmyabsence,IpromiseIwilldomybesttocatchthemonafterIcomebacktothecampus.Wishforyourallowance. Yoursrespectfully ××× *本文是一封請假條,一般我們要向上級或老師請假,通常用的是ackforleave這個短語,請三天假可寫作:askforthreedays‘leave;因病請假則是askforsickleave.leave在這里是名詞用法,文中用的短語是appl
6、yfor意為“申請”,含有更加鄭重的意味,常用于下級對上級或晚輩對長輩的書面語中,“Onlychild”意為“獨生子女”相應(yīng)的,“獨生女”譯作“onlydaughter”而“獨生子”譯作“onlyson”。Asconcernas.后面跟名詞性結(jié)構(gòu),意為“涉及到,至于”與Concerning同意,兩者可以互換。例2 Directions:Yourfatherisseriouslyill,andyouwanttogobackhome.Writeanotetothesecretaryanditshouldinclude. 1)th
7、ecauseforleaving; 2)thedays:from16thto21st; 3)Catchonthelessonafterreturningschool. July5th DearMissHuang, Mysistercalledmelastnight,andshesaidthatmyfatherisdangerouslyill.Ibegtoapplyforsevendays‘leaveofabsencefrom16thto21stinstant,inorderthatIcanseemybelovedfat
8、her. Ishouldbemuchobligedifyouwouldgrantmemyapplication.Asregardsthelessonstobemissedduringmyabsence,Iwilldomybesttomakeupforthema