套管式換熱器課程設(shè)計(jì)

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1、成績(jī)大連民族學(xué)院工程原理課程設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)題目：果汁冷卻器的設(shè)計(jì)設(shè)計(jì)人：李系別：生物工程班級(jí)：084指導(dǎo)教師：劉俏老師設(shè)計(jì)日期2010.11.12~12.4目錄設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書(shū)·······························································1一、方案簡(jiǎn)介·····························································2二、方案設(shè)計(jì)········································

2、·····················31.確定設(shè)計(jì)方案····························································32.確定物性數(shù)據(jù)····························································33.基本量計(jì)算······························································34.工藝結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸·······················

3、·····································45.換熱器核算······························································4三、設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果一覽表·······················································8四、設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中的體會(huì)·····················································9五、參考文獻(xiàn)··················

4、···········································10六、主要符號(hào)說(shuō)明·························································11七、Keywords····························································12設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書(shū)（一）設(shè)計(jì)題目果汁冷卻器的設(shè)計(jì)。（二）設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)及操作條件（1）處理能力1980噸/年（2）設(shè)備形式套管式換熱器（3）操作條件①果汁：入口溫度75

5、℃，出口溫度20℃。②冷卻水：入口溫度6℃，出口溫度16℃。③允許壓降：不大于1MP④每年按330天計(jì)，每天24小時(shí)繼續(xù)運(yùn)行。（三）設(shè)計(jì)要求選擇適宜的套管式換熱器并進(jìn)行核算。畫(huà)出工藝設(shè)備圖及列管布置圖。11一、方案簡(jiǎn)介本設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)是利用冷流體（水）給果汁降溫。利用熱傳遞過(guò)程中對(duì)流傳熱原則，制成換熱器，以供生產(chǎn)需要。下圖（圖1）是工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中用到的套管式換熱器。通常，熱流體（A流體）由上部引入,而冷流體（B流體）則由下部引入。套管中外管的兩端與內(nèi)管用焊接或法蘭連接。內(nèi)管與U形肘管多用法蘭連接,便于傳熱管的清洗和增減。每程傳

6、熱管的有效長(zhǎng)度取4～7米。這種換熱器傳熱面積最高達(dá)18米2,故適用于小容量換熱。當(dāng)內(nèi)外管壁溫差較大時(shí),可在外管設(shè)置U形膨脹節(jié)（圖中b）或內(nèi)外管間采用填料函滑動(dòng)密封（圖中c）,以減小溫差應(yīng)力。管子可用鋼、鑄鐵、陶瓷和玻璃等制成,若選材得當(dāng),它可用于腐蝕性介質(zhì)的換熱。選擇換熱器時(shí),要遵循經(jīng)濟(jì),傳熱效果優(yōu),方便清洗,符合實(shí)際需要等原則。換熱器分為幾大類：夾套式換熱器，噴淋式換熱器，套管式換熱器，螺旋板式換熱器，板翅式換熱器，列管式換熱器等。套管式換熱器的主要結(jié)構(gòu)是由兩種大小不同的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)管組成的同軸套管。它的程數(shù)可以根據(jù)所需傳

7、熱面積大小隨意增減，套管式換熱器適合于高溫、高壓、小流量流體的傳熱，它具有較高的總傳熱系數(shù)，除此之外，它還有耐高溫、結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，制造方便、傳熱面積易于調(diào)整等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。11二、方案設(shè)計(jì)1．確定設(shè)計(jì)方案由于果汁的黏度比水的大，水的對(duì)流系數(shù)一般較大，且易結(jié)垢，因此冷卻水走內(nèi)管，果汁走外管，這樣的選擇可以使果汁通過(guò)殼體壁面向空氣中散熱，提高冷卻效果。2、確定物性數(shù)據(jù)定性溫度：可取流體進(jìn)口溫度的平均值。外管果汁的定性溫度為：內(nèi)管流體的定性溫度為：根據(jù)定性溫度，分別查取外管和內(nèi)管流體的有關(guān)物性數(shù)據(jù)。果汁在47.5℃下的有關(guān)物性數(shù)據(jù)如下

8、：密度　　ρo=1080kg/m3定壓比熱容　cpo=3.187kJ/(kg·℃)導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)　　λo=0.559W/(m·K)黏度　　μo=0.0015Pa·s冷卻水在11℃下的物性數(shù)據(jù)：密度　　ρi=999.7kg/m3定壓比熱容　cpi=4.191kJ/(kg·℃)導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)　　λi=0.5745W/(m·℃)黏度　　　　μi=0.001271