河南專升本英語閱讀理解部分

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1、閱讀理解第一部分　　(一)　　Therateofpopulationgrowthisfastestinunderdevelopedcountries.Inthesecountriesahighbirthrateisaccompaniedbyalowereddeathratethankstoimprovedstandardsofpublichealth.Ideallyitshouldbepossibletocounterbalancetheeffectofareduceddeathratebyanincreaseduseoffamilyplanning.Inpra

2、ctice,however,populationcontrolisacomplexmatter.Throughouthistorypeoplehavedeterminedthesizeoftheirfamiliesaccordingtotheculturalvaluesoftheirsocieties.　　Populationcontrolhaslongbeenasubjectofdiscussionamongresearchers.Somehavearguedthatthesupplyofgoodlandislimited.Inordertofeedalarg

3、epopulation,badlandmustbecultivatedandthegoodlandoverworked.Asaresult,eachpersonproduceslessinagivenamountoftimeandthismeansaloweraverageincomethancouldbeobtainedwithasmallerpopulation.Otherresearchershavearguedthatalargepopulationgivesmorescopeforthedevelopmentoffacilitiessuchasspor

4、ts,roadsandrailways,whicharenotlikelytobebuiltunlessthereisabigdemandtojustifythem.Similarly,itcanbearguedthatthepubliccostsofsocietywillnotbesoheavytoeachindividualiftheyaresharedamongthemembersofalargepopulation.　　Oneofthedifficultiesinimplementingbirthcontrolliesinthefactthattheof

5、ficialattitudestopopulationgrowthvaryfromcountrytocountry.Inunderdevelopedcountrieswherealargepopulationispressingharduponthelimitsoffood,spaceandnaturalresources,itwillbethefirstconcernofgovernmenttoplacealimitonthebirthrate.Inawelldevelopedsocietytheproblemmaybemorecomplex.Adeclin

6、ingbirthratemayleadtounemploymentbecauseitresultsinashrinkingmarket.Citieswithadecliningpopulationmayhavetofacetheprospectofashrinkingtaxbaseandafallinlandvalues.Iftherearefewerchildrengoingtoschool,teachersmaybethrownoutofwork.Whenthepressureofpopulationonhousingdeclines,pricesalsod

7、eclineandthebuildingindustryisweakened.Facedwithconsiderationssuchasthese,thegovernmentofadevelopedcountrymaywellprefertoseeaslowlyincreasingpopulation,ratherthanonewhichisstableorindecline.　　人口增長速度最快的是在欠發(fā)達國家。在這些高出生率降低死亡率由1由于公眾健康水平提高伴隨著國家。理想情況下應該可以對付由計劃生育增加使用平衡降低死亡率的效果。然而在實踐中，人口控制是一個

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